Routes from different customers with the same IPv4 address prefix are treated as equivalent by MP-BGP.

MP-BGP will advertise routes to other BGP sessions on the same PE without the need of policies.

The multi-protocol nature of MP-BGP allows VPRN routes to be converted into IPv4 routes in the provider core network.

MP-BGP is an enhanced version of BGP that can carry customer route prefixes for multiple VPRNs.

IPCP

LDP

PPP

TLDP

The outer label allows traffic to transit across the MPLS network.

The inner label identifies the VPRN service.

MP-BGP is used to signal VPRN labels.

The VPRN service label contains the customer's IP address.

1520

1540

1548

1556

A VPLS service does not use a MAC FDB.

A single MAC FDB is shared by all VPLS services on a PE.

A separate MAC FDB is used on the PE for each VPLS service.

Each VPLS service uses a separate MAC FDBs for unicast and multicast traffic.

An IES can only have one interface.

An IES interface can have an SDP or a SAP.

An IES can perform fragmentation.

An IES must have an IP address assigned to it.

Multiple MP-BGP sessions are required to carry VPN-IPv4 and VPN-IPv6 routes.

PE routers must support both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses; customer routers can use either one

In 6VPE, MP-BGP is used to advertise IPv6 prefixes and the associated VPRN label.

In 6VPE, the provider core routers are IPv6-unaware.

All of the above statements are true.

All of the above statements are false.

A VPLS service does not use an FDB.

An FDB is maintained on the PE router to track MAC addresses learned from all traffic through the router.

An FDB is maintained on the PE router to track MAC addresses learned from all VPLS services on the router.

A separate FDB is maintained for each VPLS service to track MAC addresses learned from each service.

For each VPLS service, two FDBs are maintained to track MAC addresses; one for unicast traffic and one for multicast and broadcast traffic.

show service id 5

show service ies

show service service-using ies

show service id 5 base

An outer label and a transport label.

An inner label and a service label.

A transport label and a service label.

An MPLS transport label

Tunnel Label

VC Label

Operational Control Word

VPI

VCI

SDPs are a logical way to direct traffic from one router to another.

SDPs are a logical way to direct traffic between services.

SDP IDs are locally unique.

SDP IDs must be unique across the network.

SDPs are specific to one service type

SDPs must use MPLS for their encapsulation

sap 1/1/1:0.*

sap 1/1/1

sap 1/1/1:*.4

sap 1/1/1:4.*

Path MTU is always calculated from the MTU of the egress network port on the head end PE.

oam sdp-mtu

adspec

cspf

The SDP must be a mesh

The SDP must be a spoke.

Once the SDP is configured on both PE routers, both the services will be operationally up without further configuration changes.

The Layer 2 MTUs must match between the IES and the VPLS

The Layer 2 MTU must be 14 bytes smaller on the VPLS than it is on the IES.

MP-BGP sessions need to be configured in the service provider network to support a VPN-IPv6 address family.

PE routers must be configured to run MP-BGP and IPv6

PE-to-CE BGP sessions need to be configured to support IPv6.

The provider core must be configured to support IPv6

None of the above statements are false.

All of the above statements are false

A route target is used to distinguish to which VRF table a prefix belongs.

A route target appended to an IPv4 prefix produces a VPN-IPv4 prefix.

Multiple route targets can be part of a single MP-BGP update.

Route targets must be configured for VPRNs.

family ipv4 ipv6

family vpn-ipv4ipv6

family vpn-ipv4 vpn-ipv6

family ipv6 vpn-ipv6

A physical port.

ASAP.

Ingress MPLS frames with a specific label.

Entries that match an IP filter.

Entries that match a MAC filter.

All of the above can be used as a mirror source.

1

4096

None. This encapsulation is not supported.

The number is limited only by the capacity of the router

The VRF is a virtual router on the PE router that contains the customer's routes for the VPRN

Each PE maintains multiple VRFs based on the number of PE peers it connects to.

Each PE has a VRF for each VPRN service provisioned on the router.

All of the above.

Only A and C.

Only A and B

config>router#

config>qos#

config>port#

config>service#

The frame is dropped.

The service ID is added as the VLAN tag.

A VLAN tag of 0 is added as the provider VLAN tag

The frame is forwarded with no VLAN tag

Dot1Q

Q-in-Q

ATM

NULL

Nil

VPLS supports point-to-point connections.

VPLS supports multipoint-to-multipoint connections

VPLS supports a distributed service

VPLS supports a local service on a single node.

Service tunnels are unidirectional.

Transport tunnels are unidirectional.

A service will use the same service label for every hop.

A local service requires a transport tunnel.

Tunnel Label

VC Label

Operational Control Word

UNI

NNI

A SAP can be associated with more than one service.

A SAP is the subscriber's point of entry to the service network.

A SAP is created by specifying a physical port and an encapsulation type.

A SAP can only be created on a port configured as "access".

3

4

6

8

An SDP can be used by more than one service and customer.

A SAP can only be created on an access port.

A customer can have multiple services associated to it.

A customer is only created on one site of a distributed service.

The IES's interface must be an IGP peer with the CE.

The IES must use an IP address that is different than the C£.

The IES can only include one SAP for the CE.

The IES must include a network port.

The FCS is verified and kept in the customer frame. The VLAN tag is kept and transported over the network.

The FCS is verified and kept in the customer frame. The VLAN tag is removed for transport over the network.

The FCS is verified and removed from the frame. The VLAN tag is kept for transport over the network.

The FCS is verified and removed from the frame. The VLAN tag is removed for transport over the network.

LDP

BGP

MP-BGP

MPLS

The E-pipe can support a maximum MTU size of 1578.

The ports of the link PE2-PE3 have an MTU of 1578.

An svc-ping of the E-pipe will succeed.

If the step size was 2, the maximum response size would be the same.

A VPLS service does not use an FDB.

The router reads the destination MAC address of packets passing through the service.

The router reads the source MAC address of packets passing through the service.

The router uses reverse ARP (RARP) to resolve the MAC addresses for unknown destinations.

The router is programmed with MAC addresses by the network administrator.

The original VLAN tag is removed.

The original VLAN tag is kept.

The VLAN tag is replaced by a provider tag.

The VLAN tag is kept and a provider tag is added.

A VPLS service does not use a MAC FDB.

The router reads the destination MAC address of frames passing through the service.

The router reads the source MAC address of frames passing through the service.

The router uses reverse ARP (RARP) to resolve the MAC addresses for unknown destinations.

The router is programmed with MAC addresses by the network administrator.

A transport tunnelcan carry many service tunnels.

The transport label is unchanged throughout the transport network.

A single network port can carry more than one transport tunnel.

Both MPLS and GRE transport tunnels use a service label.

Acts as a logical way to direct traffic from one SAP to another on a single node.

Acts as a logical way to direct traffic from one service to another on a single node.

Acts as a logical way to direct traffic from one access port to another.

Acts as a logical way to direct traffic from services on one router to services on another.

Traffic is flooded to all SAPs in the service.

Traffic is flooded to all SAPs and spoke SDPs in the service.

Traffic is flooded to all SAPs and mesh SDPs in the service.

Traffic is flooded to all SAPs, spoke SDPs, and mesh SDPs in the service.

The traffic is not flooded.