Tier-1 gateway: Network introspection services can be configured at the Tier-1 gateway level to inspect and control East-West traffic between workloads.

Partner SVM (Service Virtual Machine): Network introspection is often implemented through integration with a Partner SVM, which is a virtual machine provided by a third-party security partner to perform deep packet inspection and other security functions.

The ifconfig command is used to display the network configuration of interfaces, including the Tunnel Endpoint (TEP) IP on a bare metal transport node. This command provides details about IP addresses, subnet masks, and other network settings for each interface on the node.

AS-Path Prepend: This attribute allows you to prepend one or more AS numbers to the AS path of a route, making it appear longer and less preferable to other BGP routers. You can use this attribute to manipulate the inbound traffic from your BGP peers by advertising a longer AS path for some routes and a shorter AS path for others.

MED: This attribute stands for Multi-Exit Discriminator and allows you to specify a preference value for a route among multiple exit points from an AS. You can use this attribute to manipulate the outbound traffic to your BGP peers by advertising a lower MED value for some routes and a higher MED value for others.

According to the web search results, network segmentation is a feature of NSX that improves the security of today’s modern workloads by preventing lateral movement. Lateral movement is a technique used by attackers to move from one compromised system to another within a network, exploiting vulnerabilities or credentials . Network segmentation prevents lateral movement by dividing a network into smaller segments or zones, each with its own security policies and controls. This way, if one segment is compromised, the attacker cannot access other segments or resources . NSX enables network segmentation by using micro-segmentation, which applies granular firewall rules at the virtual machine level, regardless of the physical network topology .

IPSec VPN services can be configured at Tier-0 and Tier-1 gateways: In NSX, IPSec VPN services can be applied to both Tier-0 and Tier-1 gateways, allowing secure site-to-site connections from these gateway levels.

IPSec VPNs use the DPDK accelerated performance library: NSX leverages the Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) for optimized performance, which accelerates packet processing for IPSec VPNs and improves throughput.

According to the VMware documentation1, the clock icon appears on the firewall policy section that you want to have a time window. By clicking the clock icon, you can create or select a time window that applies to all the rules in that policy section. The other options are incorrect because they either do not exist or are not related to the time-based rule feature. There is no option to set a time-based rule in the rule itself, as it is a policy-level setting. There is also an option to set a time-based rule in the NSX UI, so it does not require using the command line interface.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX/4.1/administration/GUID-8572496E-A60E-48C3-A016-4A081AC80BE7.html

To validate the BGP connection status between the Tier-0 Gateway and the upstream physical router on an NSX Edge node, the correct sequence involves enabling the specific logical router (Tier-0 Gateway), checking the VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) context, and then using the show bgp neighbor command to view the BGP session status.

enable : This command enables the logical router interface (Tier-0 Gateway) to access its configuration.

get vrf : This command checks the specific VRF (used for routing separation) to see the associated routing table.

show bgp neighbor: This command displays the status of the BGP connection, including details about the neighbor relationships and their state.

Both TCP and UDP are commonly used protocols for transferring log messages in syslog configurations. TCP is preferred when reliability is needed, while UDP is used for faster, connectionless transmission.

TLS can be used to secure the log messages being sent over TCP, ensuring encrypted transmission to the remote log server.

IP Pool: This allows you to define a range of IP addresses within NSX that the TEPs can use.

DHCP Server: This enables the TEPs to automatically obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server configured in the network.

BGP Neighbors: This parameter is essential for establishing BGP sessions with other routers. Configuring BGP neighbors allows VRF Lite gateways to exchange routing information with adjacent BGP-enabled devices.

Local AS: The Local Autonomous System (AS) number can be set for the VRF Lite gateway, which is necessary for BGP operations within a specific routing domain.

TEP (Tunnel Endpoint): TEPs (Tunnel Endpoints) are configured on transport nodes to handle the encapsulation and decapsulation of the Geneve protocol. TEPs are responsible for creating the overlay network by encapsulating traffic in the Geneve protocol when it moves between transport nodes and decapsulating it upon arrival.

When using NSX Federation, Policy mode is the only supported mode in NSX Global Manager. This mode allows centralized management and consistent policy enforcement across multiple NSX environments, providing a unified approach to managing network and security policies in federated deployments.

For a 3-node NSX Manager cluster, all nodes must be within the same subnet to ensure proper communication and functionality between them.

A compute manager must be configured before adding nodes to the cluster, as it provides the necessary integration between the NSX Manager and the underlying virtualization infrastructure (such as vSphere or vCenter).

Standard Datapath: This is the traditional mode used by the NSX host switch. It is typically used in environments where performance requirements are standard and no special acceleration techniques are needed.

Enhanced Datapath: This mode is designed to improve performance and provide better scalability, especially for environments with higher traffic loads or more demanding applications. It can provide better performance in certain scenarios by improving packet processing efficiency.

To implement SSL certificates for the NSX Manager Cluster VIP, the correct method is to SSH into the NSX Manager (using the Cluster VIP IP) and run the nsxcli cluster certificate vip install command. This command installs the SSL certificate for the VIP, ensuring that the cluster's SSL certificate is properly configured for secure communications.

VMware recommends setting the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) to 1700 or greater for NSX deployments. This is to ensure that the VXLAN encapsulation, which adds overhead to the original Ethernet frame, can be accommodated without fragmentation. This MTU requirement includes the entire data center network, including inter-data center connections, to ensure consistent communication across all network components involved in the NSX deployment.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-T-Data-Center/3.2/nsx-application-platform/GUID-42EDE0AD-CD65-41AC-9694-AD0CCEC35969.html

Cluster Format Type: This parameter specifies the type of cluster format that will be used for the NSX Application Platform deployment.

Upload Kubernetes Configuration File: NSX Application Platform requires a Kubernetes environment, and the configuration file for Kubernetes must be uploaded to facilitate the deployment.

The vmkping ++netstack=geneve -d -s 1572 command is used to check connectivity for VMware kernel ports specifically for Geneve tunnel endpoints (TEPs). The -s 1572 option sets the packet size to test within the 1600 MTU limit, accounting for the Geneve encapsulation overhead. The -d option enables the "Don't Fragment" bit, ensuring the packet isn’t fragmented along the path, which is essential for verifying MTU consistency across the network.

 The NSX Application Platform Deployment features are divided into three form factors: Evaluation, Standard, and Advanced. Each form factor determines which NSX features can be activated or installed on the platform1. The Evaluation form factor supports only NSX Intelligence, which provides network visibility and analytics for NSX-T environments2. The Standard form factor supports both NSX Intelligence and NSX Network Detection and Response, which provides network threat detection and response capabilities for NSX-T environments3. The Advanced form factor supports all four features: NSX Intelligence, NSX Network Detection and Response, NSX Malware Prevention, and NSX Metrics1.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-T-Data-Center/3.2/nsx-application-platform/GUID-85CD2728-8081-45CE-9A4A-D72F49779D6A.html

A group is a logical construct that represents a collection of objects in NSX, such as segments, segment ports, virtual machines, IP addresses, MAC addresses, tags, or security policies. A group can be used to define dynamic membership criteria based on various attributes or filters. A group can also be used as the scope of a distributed firewall rule, which means that the rule will apply to all the traffic that matches the group membership criteria32

Source NAT (SNAT) is used to translate the private IP address (172.16.101.11) of the NAT VM to a public IP address (80.80.80.1) as the packets leave the NAT-Segment network. SNAT changes the source IP of outbound packets, allowing private IP addresses within the internal network to be mapped to public IP addresses for communication with external networks.

An overlay segment is a layer 2 broadcast domain that is implemented as a logical construct in the NSX-T Data Center software. Overlay segments do not require any configuration on the physical switches, and they allow for optimal east/west communication between workloads on different ESXi hosts. Overlay segments use the Geneve protocol to encapsulate and decapsulate traffic between the hosts. Overlay segments are created and managed by the NSX Manager.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX-T-Data-Center/3.2/administration/GUID-316E5027-E588-455C-88AD-A7DA930A4F0B.html

In Non-Preemptive failover policy, once a failover occurs and a new Active node is designated, the original failed node will not automatically become the Active node upon recovery. This setting ensures that the failover does not revert to the original node after it comes back online, maintaining the stability of the network by keeping the current Active node as is.

https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-NSX/4.1/administration/GUID-69604E49-BC8B-4777-BFD8-B98F8D1FF064.html

Area ID: Both routers must belong to the same OSPF area for a neighbor relationship to form.

MTU of the Uplink: Mismatched MTU settings can prevent the OSPF adjacency from forming, as OSPF packets may be dropped if they exceed the MTU size.

Subnet mask: Both routers must have the same subnet mask on the interface where OSPF is configured to establish a neighbor relationship.

To verify that VMware Identity Manager integration is successful with NSX, the administrator should check the NSX UI for the integration status. If it is configured correctly, the status should be marked as "Enabled," indicating that the integration is active and functioning.

Tier-1 SR Router Port: This port is used for ingress traffic on the Tier-1 Service Router (SR), which handles traffic as it enters the Tier-1 gateway.

Tier-1 SR Router Port: This port is used for ingress traffic on the Tier-1 Service Router (SR), which handles traffic as it enters the Tier-1 gateway.

https://vdc-download.vmware.com/vmwb-repository/dcr-public/c3fd9cef-6b2b-4772-93be-3fe60ce064a1/1f67b9e1-b111-4de7-9ea1-39931d28f560/NSX-T%20Command-Line%20Interface%20Reference.html#get%20logical-switch%20%3Clogical-switch-id%3E