The Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) is a CSS framework that helps designers and developers create applications with the look and feel of Lightning Experience. SLDS provides a library of design tokens, icons, components, utilities, and patterns that can be used to build consistent, responsive, and accessible user interfaces1. One of the features that SLDS provides for designers and developers is semantic and accessible component markup. Semantic markup means using HTML elements that describe the meaning and structure of the content, rather than just the presentation. For example, using 

 for a main heading, 

 for a paragraph, or  for a button. Semantic markup helps to improve the readability, maintainability, and SEO of the code2. Accessible markup means using HTML attributes and techniques that enhance the usability and accessibility of the content for people with disabilities. For example, using aria-label to provide a descriptive label for an element, role to indicate the function of an element, or tabindex to control the keyboard focus order. Accessible markup helps to ensure that the content can be perceived, understood, operated, and interacted with by people using assistive technologies, such as screen readers, keyboards, or voice commands3. SLDS provides semantic and accessible markup for its components, which are reusable UI elements that can be customized and composed to create complex interfaces. SLDS components follow the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which are the international standards for web accessibility4. SLDS components also use the BEM (Block Element Modifier)naming convention, which is a methodology for creating clear and consistent class names for CSS selectors5. By using SLDS components, designers and developers can create user interfaces that are not only visually appealing, but also meaningful and accessible for everyone. References: Introduction to the Salesforce Lightning Design System, Semantic HTML: How to Structure Web Pages, Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA), Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Overview, BEM — Block Element Modifier

 A UX designer’s role is not only to design solutions, but also to facilitate collaboration and communication among stakeholders and users. A clear, consistent sales process is essential for Salesforce adoption, as it defines the steps and actions that sales representatives need to take to close deals. Without a common understanding of the sales process, the UX designer cannot design a Salesforce solution that meets the needs and expectations of the users and the business. Therefore, the designer should conduct a workshop with stakeholders to align on the current state and build consensus on the desired future state. A workshop is an interactive session where the designer can use various techniques, such as journey mapping, persona creation, user stories, and prioritization, to elicit the pain points, goals, and requirements of the stakeholders and users. A workshop can also help the designer to establish trust and rapport with the participants, and to gain their buy-in andfeedback for the proposed solution12. References: Salesforce Adoption Strategies | Salesforce Trailhead, 6 Guiding Principles to Maximize Your Salesforce Adoption | Salesforce Admins

 Human-centered design is a practice where designers focus on people and their context, and seek to understand and solve the right problems for them. Human-centered design involves the following elements1:

• Empathy. Designers need to genuinely care about the people they design for, and build empathy by immersing themselves in the community that will use their products or services.
• Creativity. Designers need to find creative ways to solve users’ problems, and generate multiple ideas and prototypes that can be tested and refined.
• Business needs. Designers need to make their products or services commercially successful, and align them with the goals and values of the organization.

To incorporate human-centered design across its organization, Cloud Kicks should adopt the following two practices:

• Observing user behavior. Designers should conduct user research and communicate with their users regularly, to understand their needs, motivations, challenges, and goals. Observing user behavior can help designers to identify the pain points and opportunities for improvement, and to validate their assumptions and hypotheses.
• Putting oneself in the situation of the end user. Designers should empathize with their users, and try to see the world from their perspective. Putting oneself in the situation of the end user can help designers to create products or services that are relevant, useful, and desirable for them.

The following two practices are not aligned with human-centered design, and should be avoided:

• Including innovative ideas to showcase technology. Designers should not prioritize technology over people, and should not include features or functions that are not necessary or beneficial for the users. Including innovative ideas to showcase technology can lead to products or services that are complex, confusing, or frustrating for the users.
• Creating requirements based on business leaders’ priorities. Designers should not ignore the voice of the users, and should not create products or services that only satisfy the business needs. Creating requirements based on business leaders’ priorities can lead to products or services that are irrelevant, useless, or undesirable for the users.

References: Human-Centered Design: An Introduction, Practices, and Principles - Shopify

 The accessibility guideline of distinguishable means that the information and user interface components must be presented to users in ways that are perceptible. This includes using sufficient contrast between text and background colors, providing text alternatives for non-text content, and making it easier for users to see and hear content. When choosing a color for the text and the background of the buttons, the UX Designer should consider the contrast ratio between them, which should be at least 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text. This will ensure that the buttons are visible and readable for users with different visual abilities. References:

• [1]: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1, Principle 1: Perceivable
• [2]: Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1, Success Criterion 1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum)

A field-level error message is a message that appears next to a specific field when the user enters invalid data or omits required data. It helps the user to correct the error and proceed with the action. A field-level error message is more user-friendly than a validation rule, which displays a generic message at the top of the page and prevents the user from saving the record. A field-level error message can also provide guidance on the correct format and number of digits for the phone number field. Marking the field as required would not ensure that the user enters the phone number in the correct format and with the correct number of digits. Setting a prompt to display on the page using In-App Guidance would not prevent the user from entering invalid data or omitting required data. References: [Field-Level Error Messages], [Validation Rules], [In-App Guidance]

An Empathy Map is a tool used in UX design to synthesize and articulate what a design team knows about a user group. It helps in creating a shared understanding of user needs within an organization. The key features of an Empathy Map include:

• User Insights:It captures what users say, think, do, and feel, providing a holistic view of their experiences and perspectives. This helps in understanding users at a deeper level.
• Shared Understanding:By visualizing user attitudes and behaviors, an Empathy Map facilitates a common understanding among team members and stakeholders, ensuring that design decisions are aligned with user needs.

An Executive Summary (option A) provides a high-level overview of project objectives and outcomes but does not delve into user-centric insights. Prioritizing a Backlog (option C) is more about organizing and prioritizing tasks and features rather than synthesizing user research findings.

References:For guidelines on creating and using Empathy Maps, UX design resources such as the Nielsen Norman Group and the Interaction Design Foundation offer articles and guides on this andother UX research synthesis tools. These resources explain how to effectively use Empathy Maps to gain insights into user needs and foster empathy within design teams.

The best option to simplify working with SLDS in Lightning Components is to install SLDS Validator extension for VS Code. This extension (salesforcedx-vscode-slds) scans the markup of the components, validates it against the SLDS documentation, and provides suggestions onhow to improve the code1. It also offers syntax highlighting, code completion, and context awareness for SLDS tokens and utility classes1. By using this extension, the development team can avoid CSS conflicts, follow SLDS best practices, and create consistent and accessible components2.

Installing SLDS creator from AppExchange is not a valid option, as there is no such app available on the AppExchange. The AppExchange is a marketplace for Salesforce apps, components, and consulting services, not for VS Code extensions3.

Installing Lightning Design System Plugin for Sketch is also not a valid option, as it is not related to VS Code or Lightning Components. Sketch is a design tool that allows users to create wireframes, mockups, and prototypes4. The Lightning Design System Plugin for Sketch is a plugin that provides SLDS components, icons, and styles for Sketch users. It can help designers to create consistent and compatible designs, but it cannot help developers to work with SLDS in VS Code.

References:

• SLDS Validator - Visual Studio Marketplace
• SLDS Validator for VS Code - Lightning Design System
• AppExchange: Salesforce’s Leading Enterprise Cloud Marketplace
• Sketch — The digital design toolkit
• [Lightning Design System Plugin for Sketch]

Audience targeting is a page layout feature that allows admins to create different versions of a Lightning page for different audiences, such as user profiles, roles, or permissions. Audience targeting can be used to control the visibility of the entire page or specific components on the page, such as tabs, fields, or sections. Audience targeting can help create personalized and relevant experiences for different types of users, and reduce the need for multiple page layouts1.

Audience targeting is the most suitable feature for the UX Designer to use in this case, because it can help them customize the Order record page layout for internal and external users, without creating separate page layouts. For example, the UX Designer can use audience targeting to show or hide certain fields, sections, or tabs based on the user’s profile or permission set. This way, the UX Designer can ensure that each user sees only the information that is relevant and appropriate for them.

Field-level security is a feature that allows admins to restrict the access and editability of fields for different users, based on their profiles or permission sets. Field-level security can help protect sensitive or confidential data, and enforce data quality and integrity. However, field-level security does not affect the visibility of fields on the page layout, only the access and editability. Field-level security also does not apply to other components on the page, such as tabs or sections2.

Dynamic forms is a feature that allows admins to add, group, and reorder fields and sections on a Lightning page using the Lightning App Builder. Dynamic forms can help create flexible and dynamic page layouts that can adapt to different contexts and scenarios. Dynamic forms also support visibility rules, which can be used to show or hide fields or sections based on filters or conditions. However, dynamic forms are not available for all standard objects, and they do not support audience targeting. Dynamic forms also do not affect the visibility of other components on the page, such as tabs34.

References: 1: Audience Targeting for Lightning Pages 2: Field-Level Security | Salesforce Security Guide - Salesforce Developers 3: Dynamic Forms Tips and Considerations - Salesforce 4: Salesforce Dynamic Forms: Overview & Deep Dive Tutorial

Experience Cloud is the best cloud to design an appropriate solution for Cloud Kicks’ users. Experience Cloud allows the business to create an external facing site where users can manage and submit cases via the web, browse and search Knowledge Base articles, and contact Support via live chat. Experience Cloud also provides branding options, personalization features, and collaboration tools to enhance the user experience and engagement. Experience Cloud integrates with Service Cloud, which is the cloud that provides the case management, knowledge base, and live chat functionalities. Therefore, Experience Cloud is the cloud that enables the design of the user interface, while Service Cloud is the cloud that enables the backend service processes. References: [Experience Cloud Overview] (https://www.getapp.com/operations-management-software/a/salesforce-1-service-cloud/compare/salesforce-community-cloud/), [Service Cloud Overview] (https://titandxp.com/salesforce-experience-cloud-vs-service-cloud/)

Inclusive design is a design approach that aims to create products and services that are accessible and usable by as many people as possible, regardless of their abilities, preferences, or circumstances. Some of the benefits of inclusive design are :

• Extending access to more users: By considering the diverse needs and situations of users, inclusive design can expand the reach and impact of the product or service. For example, designing a website that is compatible with screen readers can benefit not only users who are blind or visually impaired, but also users who are in low-light environments or have low bandwidth.
• Reducing friction for users in achieving their goals: By removing unnecessary barriers and providing multiple ways of interaction, inclusive design can enhance the user experience and satisfaction. For example, designing a mobile app that supports voice input and output can benefit not only users who have difficulty typing or reading, but also users who are multitasking or have their hands busy. References: : [UX Designer Certification Prep: Designing for Accessibility and Inclusion | Trailhead] : [Inclusive Design | Salesforce Developer Guide]

Inclusive design is a practice of designing products, services, and experiences that are accessible and usable for as many people as possible, regardless of ability, age, gender, race, language, or culture. By incorporating inclusive design practices, you can extend access to more users and reduce friction for users in achieving their goals. Salesforce provides more information on the benefits of inclusive design here: https://www.salesforce.com/blog/2020/11/what-is-inclusive-design.html.

The best ways to analyze and implement feature enhancements as a result of user acceptance testing are:

• A. Determine the change in scope and impact of each enhancement request. This will help to evaluate the feasibility, priority, and effort of each request, and to communicate the expectations and trade-offs to the stakeholders1.
• C. Reduce unexpected results by configuring and testing in a sandbox. A sandbox is a copy of the production environment that allows testing and development without affecting the live data and users2. By using a sandbox, the feature enhancements can be tested and validated before deploying them to the production environment3.
• E. Create a prioritization list and perform a feasibility analysis. This will help to rank the enhancement requests based on their value, urgency, and complexity, and to determine which ones are feasible to implement within the given time and budget constraints4.

References: Salesforce User Experience Designer Exam Guide, What is a Sandbox?, Test New Features Before a Release, Prioritize User Needs

According to the SLDS documentation, icons require a containing element with the class slds-icon_container for accessibility support. If the icon is used without a visible, descriptive label, a title attribute is needed on the containing element. The title should describe the icon. For example:

The title attribute provides a tooltip for the icon when the user hovers over it, and it also helps screen readers to announce the icon’s meaning. The other attributes (href, class, and for) do not provide this functionality.

References: Icons - Lightning Design System

The Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) is a collection of design guidelines, resources, and tools that help create consistent, beautiful, and accessible user experiences across the Salesforce platform1. Component blueprints are one of the key resources that the SLDS provides. They are framework-agnostic, accessible HTML and CSS code snippets thatcan be used to create UI elements such as buttons, cards, menus, and more2. A UX Designer who is asked to design a new application built on Salesforce should become familiar with the SLDS component blueprints as their first step, because they can help them to3:

• Understand the structure, behavior, and appearance of the standard Salesforce components and how they can be customized or extended.
• Follow the SLDS design principles and best practices, such as clarity, efficiency, consistency, and beauty.
• Ensure that the application is responsive, adaptive, and compatible with different devices and screen sizes.
• Leverage the SLDS design tokens, icons, and utilities to create a coherent and scalable visual language.
• Reduce the development time and effort by reusing the existing code and avoiding duplication.

The other options are not the best first steps for a UX Designer who is asked to design a new application built on Salesforce. Creating branding sets for each audience using Experience Builder is a later step that involves applying the visual identity and style of the application todifferent user segments and channels4. Finding and reviewing relevant AppExchange packages is a research step that can help to identify existing solutions or features that can be integrated or adapted to the application5. Designing a series of custom web components for the app is a development step that can be done after defining the requirements, wireframes, and prototypes of the application.

References:

• Lightning Design System, Lightning Design System Create the World’s Best Enterprise App Experiences Design System Fundamentals Component Blueprints Ready-to-use HTML and CSS UI elements provide the foundation for Salesforce experience development Go to Blueprints Tokens Visual design values and attributes that ensure branding and UI consistency at scale View Tokens Design Guidelines Design principles and best practices that guide beautiful, consistent, user-friendly product experiences Read Guidelines Tools New! Easy-to-use tools help all Trailblazers optimize workflows and bring Salesforce ideas to life Get Tools
• Blueprint Overview - Lightning Design System, Blueprint Overview - Lightning Design System What’s New Getting Started Platforms Design Guidelines Kinetics Accessibility Component Blueprints Overview Accordion Activity Timeline Alert App Launcher Avatar Avatar Group Badges Brand Band Breadcrumbs Builder Header Button Icons Cards Chat Docked Utility Bar Dueling Picklist Dynamic Icons Dynamic Menu Expandable Section Feeds File Selector Files Form Element Global Header Global Navigation Icons Illustration Input List Builder Lookups Map Menus Notifications Page Headers Panels Path Picklist Pills Progress Indicator Prompt Radio Button Group Rich Text Editor Scoped Notifications Scoped Tabs Select Spinners Tabs Textarea Tiles Timepicker Toast Tooltips Tree Grid Trees Trial Bar Vertical Navigation Vertical Tabs Visual Picker Welcome Mat Utilities Design Tokens Icons Tools Resources Blueprint Overview Component blueprints are framework agnostic, accessible HTML and CSS used to create components in conjunction with our implementation guidelines. For more details, check out the glossary on the FAQ page. Show Filters Showing 85 blueprints, 183 variants. Accordion Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \nCheckmark \nActivity Timeline Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base \n \n Alert Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \nCheckmark \nApp Launcher Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nAvatar Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \nCheckmark \nInitials Checkmark \nCheckmark \nAvatar Group Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nGrouped Checkmark \n \nBadges Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \nCheckmark \nBrand Band Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nBreadcrumbs Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base \n Checkmark \nBuilder Header Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base \n \n Toolbar \n \n Button Groups Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nList Checkmark \n \nRow Checkmark \n \nButton Icons Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nBordered Filled Container Checkmark \n \nBordered Inverse Checkmark \n \nBordered Transparent Container Checkmark \n \nBrand Checkmark \n \nInverse Checkmark \n \nStateful Checkmark \n \nTransparent Container Checkmark \n \nButtons Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \nCheckmark \nDual Stateful Checkmark \nCheckmark \nStateful Checkmark \nCheckmark \nWith Icon Checkmark \nCheckmark \nCards Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \nCheckmark \nEinstein Checkmark \nCheckmark \nWrapper Checkmark \nCheckmark \nCarousel Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nChat Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nPast Checkmark \n \nCheckbox Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \nCheckmark \nForm Element Checkmark \nCheckmark \nCheckbox Button Lightning Component Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nCheckbox Button Group Responsive Adaptive Styling Hooks Prototype Base Checkmark \n \nCheckbox Toggle
• UX Designer Certification Prep: Design System Fundamentals, UX Designer Certification Prep: Design System Fundamentals Learn how to use the Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) to create consistent, beautiful, and accessible user experiences across the Salesforce platform. Add to Favorites Add to Trailmix tags ~1 hr 30 mins +500 points Module Design System Fundamentals Learn about the Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) and how it can help you create consistent, beautiful, and accessible user experiences across the Salesforce platform. 4 hrs 15 mins +800 points Project Build a Bear-Tracking App with Lightning Web Components Use Lightning Web Components and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build a bear-tracking app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build a Conference Management App with Aura Components Use Aura Components and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build a conference management app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build a Discount Calculator with Visualforce Use Visualforce and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build a discount calculator. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build a Survey App with Experience Builder Use Experience Builder and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build a survey app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build a Travel Approval App with Lightning Flow Use Lightning Flow and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build a travel approval app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build a Volunteer Management Appwith Lightning App Builder Use Lightning App Builder and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build a volunteer management app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build an Expense Tracker App with Lightning Web Components Use Lightning Web Components and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build an expense tracker app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build an Inventory Management App with Aura Components Use Aura Components and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build an inventory management app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build an Order Management App with Visualforce Use Visualforce and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build an order management app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build an RSVP Management App with Experience Builder Use Experience Builder and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build an RSVP management app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build an SMS Notification App with Lightning Flow Use Lightning Flow and the Salesforce Lightning Design System to build an SMS notification app. 2 hrs 15 mins +500 points Project Build an
• Branding Sets Unit | Salesforce Trailhead, Branding Sets Unit | Salesforce Trailhead Branding Sets Learn how to use branding sets to apply different styles to your digital experiences. Add to Favorites Add to Trailmix tags ~20 mins Incomplete Branding Sets Customize the look and feel of your digital experiences with branding sets. 15 mins +200 points Quiz +200 points Get Started with Branding Sets Learn how to create and apply branding sets to your digital experiences. 5 mins +200 points Quiz +200 points
• AppExchange Basics Unit | Salesforce Trailhead, AppExchange Basics Unit | Salesforce Trailhead AppExchange Basics Learn how to find, try, buy, and install AppExchange solutions. Add to Favorites Add to Trailmix tags ~25 mins Incomplete AppExchange Basics Learn how to find, try, buy, and install AppExchange solutions. 20 mins +200 points Quiz +200 points Get Started with AppExchange Learn what AppExchange is and how it can help you extend Salesforce functionality. 5 mins +200 points Quiz +200 points

The three inclusive design action-oriented principles are:

• Recognize exclusion: Identify and understand the barriers that prevent people from accessing or using a product or experience. Exclusion can be caused by ability, context, or personal factors.
• Learn from diversity: Seek out and learn from the perspectives of people who have a range of experiences, backgrounds, and identities. Diversity can be a source of inspiration and innovation.
• Solve for one, extend to many: Design solutions that address the needs of a specific person or group, and then generalize them to benefit a wider audience. Solving for one can reveal hidden opportunities and create more inclusive outcomes. References: Explore Inclusive Design, Inclusive Design

 Dynamic Forms is a feature that allows users to customize the layout of a record detail page by placing fields and sections anywhere on the page, and applying visibility rules to show or hide them based on certain criteria. Dynamic Forms can help service agents to create user-centric, intuitive, and dynamic layouts that display only the relevant fields and sections for the reservation process. Dynamic Forms can also improve page load times and reduce the need for multiple page layouts and record types. Dynamic Forms is currently available for custom objects and some standard objects in Lightning Experience12. References:

• Dynamic Forms
• Get Started with Dynamic Forms

 Service design is a practice that aims to design and deliver holistic, human-centered, and value-driven solutions that consider the needs and expectations of not only the individual users, but also the stakeholders, the employees, the partners, and the society involved in the service. Service design focuses on more than just the user interface or the user experience, but also on the processes, systems, interactions, touchpoints, and channels that enable the service to be delivered and consumed. Service design can help create engaging, connected, and social value-driven solutions that improve the quality, efficiency, and sustainability of the service . References:

• : User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Module 1: Understand User Experience Design
• : What is Service Design?

Service Design is a design practice that focuses on providing better experiences to users by understanding the context of their needs and how they interact with systems, services, and products. Service Design goes beyond User Experience Design by focusing on more than just individual people, and instead considers the entire ecosystem, including connected and social value-driven solutions. Salesforce provides more information on Service Design here: https://www.salesforce.com/resources/service-design/.

An expert review is an activity that a designer can perform to conduct an independent audit of a current website. An expert review is a method of evaluating the usability and user experience of a website by applying established principles, guidelines, and heuristics. An expert review can help identify the strengths and weaknesses of a website, as well as provide recommendations for improvement. An expert review can be done by one or more experts, who can be internal or external to the organization. An expert review can be done at any stage of the design process, but it is especially useful before launching a new or redesigned website, or when there is a need to assess the current state of a website. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Research], [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Testing and Evaluation]

Card sorting, task analysis, and prototype testing are not activities that a designer can perform to conduct an independent audit of a current website. Card sorting is a method of organizing and labeling information for a website, based on how users group and name the content. Task analysis is a method of understanding and documenting the goals, tasks, and steps that users perform on a website. Prototype testing is a method of evaluating the functionality and usability of a website by having users interact with a mock-up or a simulation of the website. These methods are useful for creating or improving a website, but they are not suitable for auditing a website without involving the users. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Research], [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Testing and Evaluation] References: [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Research], [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Testing and Evaluation]

Changing the role hierarchy and reassigning account owners can have a significant impact on the data visibility and performance of Salesforce. An architect should consider the following points in this situation:

• Changing complex role hierarchy can cause a high level of sharing recalculation. Depending on the sharing settings, roles can control the level of visibility that users have into the Salesforce data. Users at any given role level can view, edit, and report on all data owned by or shared with users below them in the role hierarchy, unless the sharing model for an object specifies otherwise. When the role hierarchy is changed, Salesforce must recalculate the sharing rules and group membership for all the affected users and records, which can take a long time and consume a lot of system resources. Therefore, changing a complex role hierarchy should be done carefully and preferably during off-peak hours1.
• Replacing account records ownerships massively can cause data skew. Data skew occurs when more than 10,000 child records are related to the same parent record, or more than 10,000 records of any object are owned by a single user. This can cause performance issues, such as locking, timeouts, and failures, when updating or sharing those records. When account owners are reassigned massively, it can create or worsen data skew, especially if the accounts have many child records, such as contacts and opportunities. Therefore, replacing account records ownerships massively should be avoided or minimized23.

References:

• : [Design Your Data Model Unit | Salesforce Trailhead]
• : [Data Skew in Salesforce - Why it Matters | Salesforce Ben]
• : [Ownership Data Skew | Designing Record Access for Enterprise Scale | Salesforce Developers]

These two design considerations should be made when planning for a customer support site in experience builder that will be internationalized across 12 different countries. They are related to the principles of internationalization and localization, which are the processes of designing and adapting a product or service to meet the needs and preferences of users in different cultures, languages, and regions. By taking these considerations into account, a UX designer can create a site that is consistent, usable, and appealing for a global audience.

• Country may read text in a different direction (right to left) vs (left to right) and layouts will need to be adjusted: This consideration is related to the principle of bidirectionality, which is the ability of a product or service to support both left-to-right (LTR) and right-to-left (RTL) languages, such as Arabic, Hebrew, Persian, and Urdu. These languages have different writing systems, text alignment, and reading order than LTR languages, such as English, French,Spanish, and German. Therefore, a UX designer needs to adjust the layouts of the site to accommodate both LTR and RTL languages, such as by using flexible grids, mirroring elements, and avoiding fixed positions. This way, the site can provide a natural and intuitive reading experience for users in different countries.
• Colors may have different cultural meanings in different countries, changing the intent of UI elements: This consideration is related to the principle of cultural sensitivity, which is the awareness and respect of the cultural differences and preferences of users in different countries. Colors are one of the most important aspects of visual design, as they can convey emotions, moods, messages, and actions. However, colors can also have different cultural meanings and associations in different countries, which can affect how users perceive and interact with the site. For example, red can mean danger, passion, or luck, depending on the country. Therefore, a UX designer needs to choose colors that are appropriate and consistent with the intended meaning and purpose of the UI elements, such as buttons, icons, labels, and alerts. This way, the site can avoid confusion, misunderstanding, or offense for users in different countries.

References:

• Preparing a Global Design: Internationalization (i18n) Guide
• Internationalization - Globalization | Microsoft Learn
• Localization vs. Internationalization - World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

Relationship Design is a creative practice that drives social and business value by building strong relationships. It is based on four mindsets: compassion, intention, courage, and reciprocity. Cloud Kicks can incorporate Relationship Design principles into its business model and customer offerings by adopting these mindsets and applying them to its products, services, and interactions. Some examples of how Cloud Kicks can do this are:

• Prioritizing innovation over copying the competition. This shows that Cloud Kicks is courageous and intentional in creating unique and valuable solutions that meet the needs and expectations of its customers and communities. Cloud Kicks can use design thinking methods, such as empathy mapping, ideation, and prototyping, to generate and test new ideas that solve real problems and create positive impact 1.
• Reframing products in terms of user value over features and functions. This shows that Cloud Kicks is compassionate and reciprocal in understanding and communicating the benefits and outcomes that its products and services can deliver to its customers and stakeholders. Cloud Kicks can use value proposition design tools, such as the value proposition canvas, to identify and articulate the jobs, pains, and gains of its customers, and how its products and services can address them 2.
• Uncovering customer needs over broadcasting product benefits. This shows that Cloud Kicks is intentional and reciprocal in listening and learning from its customers and co-creating solutions with them. Cloud Kicks can use user research methods, such as interviews, surveys, and observations, to discover and validate the needs, preferences, and behaviors of its customers, and to involve them in the design process 3.

References: [Design Thinking] (https://www.salesforce.com/design/relationship-design/), [Value Proposition Design] (https://www.salesforce.com/blog/how-relationship-design-works/), [User Research] (https://trailhead.salesforce.com/content/learn/trails/get-to-know-relationship-design)

 Diversity, inclusion, and equality in design are values that can lead to positive business outcomes, such as less employee turnover, greater market share, and economic growth. These values can help create a more inclusive and innovative workplace, where employees feel valued, respected, and engaged, and where customers feel understood, represented, and satisfied. Some of the benefits of these values are:

• Less employee turnover: Diversity, inclusion, and equality in design can reduce employee turnover by fostering a culture of belonging, trust, and collaboration, where employees can thrive and grow. According to a Salesforce report1, employees who feel a sense of belonging at work are 5.3 times more likely to feel empowered to perform their best work, and employees who feel their voice is heard at work are 4.6 times more likely to feel empowered to perform their best work. Moreover, employees who feel valued and included are more likely to stay loyal to their employer, reducing the costs and risks of hiring and training new staff.
• Greater market share: Diversity, inclusion, and equality in design can increase market share by expanding the customer base, enhancing the customer experience, and improving the brand reputation. According to a McKinsey report2, companies in the top quartile for ethnic and cultural diversity on executive teams were 36% more likely to experience above-average profitability than companies in the fourth quartile. Moreover, companies that design products and services that meet the needs and preferences of diverse customers can gain a competitive edge and increase customer loyalty and retention.
• Economic growth: Diversity, inclusion, and equality in design can contribute to economic growth by boosting productivity, innovation, and social impact. According to a World Bank report3, increasing women’s labor force participation and earnings could add $172 trillion to global wealth. Moreover, companies that leverage the diverse perspectives and experiences of their employees can generate more creative and effective solutions, and companies that support social causes and environmental sustainability can create positive change and attract more customers and investors.

References:

• [Our 2023 Annual Equality Update: Where We Are and Where We’re Going - Salesforce]1
• [Diversity wins: How inclusion matters | McKinsey]2
• [Women, Business and the Law 2020 | World Bank]3

 To improve the experience of the service team at Cloud Kicks, their UX Designer should do the following12:

• B. Share list views to Public Groups and only add relevant users. This will help to organize and manage the list views based on the roles and responsibilities of the service team members, and to avoid cluttering their list view menu with unnecessary or irrelevant list views. Public Groups are collections ofusers, roles, or other groups that can be used to share list views, reports, dashboards, and other records3.
• C. Remove irrelevant public list views. This will help to reduce the number of list views available, and to make it easier for the service team members to find the relevant ones. Irrelevant public list views are those that are outdated, duplicated, unused, or not applicable to the service team’s needs or goals.

References: List Views - Salesforce Help, Your Complete Guide to Salesforce List Views in Lightning, Public Groups - Salesforce Help, Improve List View Performance - Salesforce

To track and measure the adoption of the new process, CK should use the following Salesforce tools:

• User Engagement Dashboard and Report: This tool provides insights into how users are interacting with Salesforce, such as the number of logins, page views, actions, and time spent. It can help CK identify which users are adopting the new process and which ones need more training or support.
• Salesforce Surveys for user Satisfaction: This tool allows CK to create and send surveys to its customer service representatives to collect feedback on the new process, such as their satisfaction, challenges, and suggestions. It can help CK measure the impact of the new process on the user experience and satisfaction.
• Chatter polls: This tool enables CK to create and post simple polls on Chatter to gather quick opinions or preferences from its customer service representatives. It can help CK engage with its users and get their input on the new process.

References:

• : User Engagement Dashboard and Report
• : Salesforce Surveys for user Satisfaction
• : Chatter polls

The UI configuration that should be used to further individualize each featured topic is to select and upload images that represent each featured topic. This option allows the UX Designer to customize the appearance of the Featured Topic component and make it more visually appealing and engaging for the users. The images can help to convey the meaning and relevance of each topic and attract the users’ attention. The images can also create a consistent and branded look for the Experience Cloud site.

References:

• : Featured Topic Component
• : Customize the Featured Topic Component

This allows users to easily distinguish between different topics and quickly scan for relevant topics. Salesforce documentation on the Featured Topics component states that “You can add a description for each featured topic, which appears in the user interface below the topic label” [1].

[1] https://help.salesforce.com/articleView?id=knowledge_articles_sites_featured_topic.htm &type=5

A docked prompt is a type of In-App Guidance that can be used to provide contextual help and guidance to the users in the Salesforce app. A docked prompt is a small pop-up window that appears at the bottom of the screen, and can contain text, images, links, or videos. A docked prompt can be triggered by various events, such as opening a page, clicking a button, or completing an action. A docked prompt can also be dismissed by the user, or set to expire after a certain time or date12

A UX Designer can customize the Salesforce Help Menu to meet the request of Cloud Kicks’ Sales team by creating a docked prompt based on new feature rollouts. This way, the UX Designer can:

• Inform the users about the new features and how they can benefit from them. For example, the UX Designer can create a docked prompt that introduces the new Einstein Opportunity Scoring feature, and explains how it can help the users prioritize their opportunities and close more deals3
• Guide the users through the steps and best practices to use the new features. For example, the UX Designer can create a docked prompt that shows the users how to access and configure the new Einstein Opportunity Scoring feature, and how to interpret and act on the scores3
• Engage the users and encourage them to explore and adopt the new features. For example, the UX Designer can create a docked prompt that includes a link to a video tutorial, a Trailhead module, or a feedback survey about the new Einstein Opportunity Scoring feature3
• Show a site map of all the content: This is not a way to customize the Salesforce Help Menu to meet the request of Cloud Kicks’ Sales team, because a site map of all the content is not a typeof In-App Guidance, and it does not provide specific and timely help and guidance for the users. A site map of all the content is a visual representation of the structure and hierarchy of a website or app, and it can be useful for planning and designing the user interface, but not for providing In-App Guidance4
• Provide links to external resources, such as training videos or a company dictionary: This is not a way to customize the Salesforce Help Menu to meet the request of Cloud Kicks’ Sales team, because providing links to external resources is not a type of In-App Guidance, and it does not provide contextual and interactive help and guidance for the users. Providing links to external resources is a way to supplement the Salesforce Help Menu with additional information and resources, but not to create In-App Guidance5

References:

• Create In-App Guidance Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
• In-App Guidance - Salesforce Help
• Create a Docked Prompt for New Feature Rollouts Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
• What is a Sitemap? - Interaction Design Foundation
• Customize the Help Menu in Lightning Experience - Salesforce Help

A moderated usability study is a type of user research where the UX Designer interacts with the participants as they perform tasks on the prototype solution. The designer can ask follow-up questions to obtain further information about the issues participants may encounter, such as why they made certain choices, how they felt about the experience, and what they would like to see improved. This can help the designer gain deeper insights into the user needs, preferences, and pain points, as well as validate or invalidate their design assumptions. A moderated study also allows the designer to clarify any confusion or ambiguity that the participants may have during the session, and to adjust the tasks or scenarios as needed. References:

• [User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Conduct User Research]
• [User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Analyze User Research]
• [User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Validate Solutions]

 The best Salesforce solutions for Cloud Kicks to deliver consistently branded content at every touchpoint are Distributed Marketing and Journey Builder. Distributed Marketing allows individual agents to send personalized and compliant messages to their customers, using pre-approved templates and content created by the corporate marketing team1. Journey Builder enables the marketing team to design and automate customer journeys across channels and devices, using data and analytics to optimize the customer experience2. Email Builder and Customer 360 (B) are not sufficient to ensure consistent branding and communication, as they only cover email marketing and customer data integration, respectively. Service Cloud and Letterhead © are also not the best solutions, as they only focus on customer service and email formatting, respectively. References:

• Distributed Marketing | Salesforce
• Journey Builder | Salesforce

Human-centered design is a process that starts with the people you are designing for and ends with new solutions that are tailor-made to suit their needs. It involves understanding the problem from the perspective of the end-users, empathizing with their needs and preferences, and creating solutions that are desirable, feasible, and viable. To incorporate human-centered design across an organization, two practices that should be adopted are:

• Observing user behavior: This involves watching how users interact with a product or service, what they do, say, think, and feel. Observing user behavior can help identify painpoints, needs, goals, motivations, and emotions that drive user behavior. It can also reveal insights that users may not be able to articulate or may not be aware of themselves. Observing user behavior can be done through methods such as user interviews, contextual inquiry, usability testing, and analytics.
• Putting oneself in the situation of the end-user: This involves imagining or experiencing what the user goes through when using a product or service, and how they perceive and respond to it. Putting oneself in the situation of the end-user can help build empathy, understand the user’s context and environment, and generate ideas that address the user’s needs and expectations. Putting oneself in the situation of the end-user can be done through methods such as personas, scenarios, journey maps, and empathy maps.

References:

• : [What is Human-Centered Design?]
• : [Human-Centered Design: The Definitive Guide]
• : [UX Research: What is User Behavior?]
• : [Observing the User Experience: A Practitioner’s Guide to User Research]
• : [UX Research Methods: Observation]
• : [Empathy in Design Thinking]
• : [UX Research Methods: Empathy]

These are three of the four core principles of Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which provide a set of standards and best practices for making web content accessible to people with disabilities. The fourth principle is Perceivable, which means that the information and user interface components must be presented in ways that users can perceive. The principles are further divided into 13 guidelines and three levels of conformance (A, AA, and AAA). References:

• [Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) Overview]
• [WCAG 2.1 at a Glance]

A wireframe prototype is a low-fidelity representation of the content and structure of a new feature, without any visual design or branding elements. It is used to test the usability and functionality of the feature with the user, and to gather feedback and iterate on the design. A wireframe prototype can be created using tools like Sketch, Figma, or Adobe XD, and can be interactive or static. References:

• [Salesforce Certified User Experience Designer Exam Guide], Section 2.2: Design and test prototypes
• [UX Designer Certification Prep: Prototyping], Unit 2: Wireframes and Prototypes
• [Prepare for Your UX Designer Credential], Trailmix: Prototyping

The usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment could be improved by expanding the first section by default. This is because it can provide the user with a clear indication of what kind of content is hidden in the accordion, and encourage them to explore the rest of the sections1. Expanding the first section by default can also reduce the user’s cognitive load, as they do not have to make a decision on which section to open first2. Moreover, expanding the first section by default can improve the accessibility of the accordion, as it can help screen reader users to understand the structure and purpose of the widget3.

Using the Back browser button to collapse content is not a good option, as it can confuse the user and break the expected browser behavior. The Back button is meant to navigate to the previous page, not to collapse an accordion section4. Using the Back button to collapse content can also create navigation issues, as the user might lose their current page or state4.

Moving an expanded section to the top of the screen is also not a good option, as it can disrupt the user’s spatial memory and orientation. Moving an expanded section to the top of the screen can change the order and position of the accordion sections, which can make it harder for the user to find and access the section they want5. It can also create a jarring and inconsistent user experience, as the user might not expect the content to move around the screen5.

References:

• How to design the perfect accordion
• Accordions: Design guidelines
• Accessible Accordion - examples and best practices | Aditus
• Don’t Use The Back Button To Modify Data
• Usability of a mobile navigation consisting mostly of accordions?

To customize the theme in the external customer support site to match the style guide requirements, the recommended next step is to configure the Experience Builder Theme panel. The Theme panel allows the designer to customize the look and feel of the site by setting the logo, colors, fonts, and other branding elements. The designer can also create custom themes and assign them to different pages or audiences. The Theme panel is the preferred way to apply consistent branding across the site without writing any code or overriding any styles. References: : Theme Panel | Salesforce Help : UX Designer Certification Prep: Designing with Experience Builder | Trailhead

 The best option for improving the user experience of looking for and viewing commonly used reports is to update the Home page with access to commonly used reports. This way, the user can quickly access the reports they need without having to use the global search bar every time. This also follows the principle of designing for the user’s goals and tasks, which isone of the learning objectives for the Salesforce User Experience Designer certification. References: [Design for the User’s Goals and Tasks], [Change or Add Report Chart and Dashboard Components to Home Page]

https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/ux-designer-certification-prep/design-for-the-users-goals-and-tasks :  1

Customer interviews are a qualitative research method that allows the UX Designer to understand the needs, goals, pain points, and behaviors of the target users. To conduct effective customer interviews, the UX Designer should follow some best practices, such as:

• Engage in a friendly and informal way: The UX Designer should try to establish rapport and trust with the interviewee, and make them feel comfortable and relaxed. This can help elicit honest and candid responses, and encourage the interviewee to share more details and stories. The UX Designer should use a conversational tone, smile, and show interest and empathy12
• Ask open-ended questions: The UX Designer should avoid asking yes/no questions, or questions that lead or suggest a specific answer. Instead, the UX Designer should ask open-ended questions that allow the interviewee to express their thoughts and feelings in their own words. The UX Designer should also probe deeper by asking follow-up questions, such as “why?”, “how?”, or “can you tell me more about that?” 12
• Listen actively and attentively: The UX Designer should focus on listening to the interviewee, and avoid interrupting, judging, or correcting them. The UX Designer should also use verbal and non-verbal cues, such as nodding, eye contact, and paraphrasing, to show that they are paying attention and understanding the interviewee. The UX Designer should also take notes or record the interview, with the interviewee’s permission, for later analysis12
• Ignore vague or general answers: This is not a best practice, because vague or general answers can indicate that the interviewee is not comfortable, engaged, or clear about the question. The UX Designer should try to clarify the question, or ask more specific or concrete questions, to elicit more meaningful and relevant responses12
• Analyze findings in the moment: This is not a best practice, because analyzing findings in the moment can distract the UX Designer from listening to the interviewee, and bias their interpretation of the data. The UX Designer should wait until the interview is over, and review thenotes or recordings, before analyzing the findings and identifying patterns, insights, and opportunities12

References:

• Customer Interviews: The Ultimate Guide - User Interviews
• How to Conduct User Interviews - Interaction Design Foundation

A heuristic evaluation is a usability inspection method that involves having evaluators examine a user interface and assess its compliance with established usability principles (or “heuristics”). These heuristics are guidelines or rules of thumb that help identify common usability problems. During a heuristic evaluation, evaluators inspect the interface and identify potential usability issues based on the heuristics. The evaluators then report their findings to the designers or developers, who can use this feedback to improve the interface. Heuristic evaluation is a cost-effective and efficient way to identify usability problems early in the design process. It can be done quickly and does not require large groups of participants. It is particularly useful for identifying problems that may not be detected through user testing or surveys1.

A heuristic evaluation is the most suitable method for determining the portal’s compliance with recognized standard usability principles, such as Nielsen’s 10 heuristics for user interface design2. These heuristics cover aspects such as visibility of system status, match between system and the real world, user control and freedom, consistency and standards, error prevention, recognition rather than recall, flexibility and efficiency of use, aesthetic and minimalist design, help users recognize, diagnose, and recover from errors, and help and documentation. By applying these heuristics to the portal, the UX team can identify and prioritize the usability problems that need to be fixed.

An intuitive review is a less formal and less rigorous method of usability inspection, where an evaluator relies on their own intuition and experience to judge the usability of an interface. An intuitive review does not follow a set of predefined heuristics or criteria, and it is more subjective and prone to bias. An intuitive review can be useful for getting a quick overview of the interface, but it is not as reliable or comprehensive as a heuristic evaluation3.

User testing is a usability evaluation method that involves observing and collecting data from actual or potential users as they perform tasks with the interface. User testing can provide valuable insights into how users interact with the interface, what difficulties they encounter, and what their preferences and expectations are. User testing can also measure the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction of the interface. However, user testing is not the bestmethod for determining the compliance with standard usability principles, as it does not directly assess the interface against the heuristics. User testing is also more time-consuming, resource-intensive, and complex to conduct than heuristic evaluation4.

References: 1: A Comparison of User Testing and Heuristic Evaluation Methods for Identifying Website Usability Problems | SpringerLink 2: 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design 3: Heuristic Evaluation of User Interfaces versus Usability Testing 4: Difference Between Heuristic Evaluation VS Usability Testing - Storyly

The design that the UX Designer at Cloud Kicks should use to make the website size and content adapt to the screen size, platform and orientation is responsive. Responsive web design is a web design approach that uses HTML and CSS to automatically resize, hide, shrink, or enlarge, a website, to make it look good on all devices (desktops, tablets, and phones) 1. Responsive web design is not a program or a JavaScript, but a set of best practices that include using media queries, flexible grids, fluid images, and breakpoints to create a layout that can respond to any device being used to view the content 2. Responsive web design is one of the learning objectives for the Salesforce User Experience Designer certification 3. References: [Responsive Web Design Introduction], [Responsive design -Learn web development], [Salesforce Certified User Experience Designer Exam Guide]https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_responsive.asp

https://www.w3schools.com/Css/css_rwd_intro.asp

Quantitative research methodology should be used to measure the success and usability of a feature on Experience Cloud. Quantitative research involves collecting and analyzing numerical data that can be measured, compared, or statistically tested. Quantitative research can help answer questions such as:

• How many users are using the feature?
• How often are they using it?
• How long does it take them to complete a task with the feature?
• How satisfied are they with the feature?
• How does the feature affect key performance indicators, such as conversion rates, retention rates, or revenue?

Quantitative research methods can include surveys, analytics, A/B testing, usability testing, and benchmarking. These methods can provide objective and reliable data that can be used to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of a feature on Experience Cloud.

Qualitative research methodology, on the other hand, involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data that can reveal users’ attitudes, behaviors, motivations, and preferences. Qualitative research can help answer questions such as:

• Why are users using or not using the feature?
• What are their pain points, needs, and goals with the feature?
• How do they feel about the feature?
• What are their expectations and feedback for the feature?
• How does the feature fit into their context and workflow?

Qualitative research methods can include interviews, focus groups, observations, diary studies, and card sorting. These methods can provide rich and detailed insights that can be used to understand the user experience and identify opportunities for improvement.

Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are valuable for UX design, but they serve different purposes and answer different types of questions. In this case, the UX designer wants to know if the feature was successful and track usability over time, which are questions that can be best answered by quantitative research methods.

References: User Research Methods, Quantitative vs. Qualitative Usability Testing, 8 Essential Usability Testing Methods for UX Insights

Compact display density is a global user interface setting that allows users to view more content on every screen by reducing the amount of space between page elements and aligning the field labels to the left of the fields. Compact display density is suitable for text information-rich Salesforce orgs, such as Cloud Kicks, that want to maximize the use of limited screen space on laptops. Compact display density can be set as the default for the org by the system admins, or chosen by individual users from their profile menu1.

Comfy display density is another global user interface setting that provides a spacious view with labels on the top of fields and more space between page elements. Comfy display density is suitable for orgs that want to emphasize readability and clarity, or that have more complex or interactive fields. Comfy display density is not the best option for Cloud Kicks, as it would reduce the amount of content that can be displayed on each screen1.

Enable collapsible sections is a feature that allows users to collapse or expand sections on a record page layout. Collapsible sections can help users focus on the most relevant information and reduce scrolling. However, collapsible sections are not a global user interface setting, but a page layout option that can be configured by the admins. Collapsible sections can be used in combination with either comfy or compact display density, but they do not affect the alignment of the field labels or the spacing between the page elements2.

References: 1: Personalize Lightning Experience Display 2: Collapsible Sections in Lightning Experience Record Pages

The development team missed two features that are causing the problems:

• The With Sharing keyword in Apex classes to enforce sharing rules evaluation. This keyword allows the Apex class to run in the context of the current user and respect the organization’s sharing rules. Without this keyword, the Apex class runs in system mode and ignores the sharing rules, which can result in unauthorized access to records that belong to other users .
• The isAccessible() method in Apex classes to check field accessibility. This method returns true if the current user has read access to the specified field, and false otherwise. Without this method, the Apex class does not check the field-level security settings and can display fields that should be hidden from the user, such as the shipment amount .

References:

• : Using the with sharing or without sharing Keywords
• : Enforcing Sharing Rules in Apex
• : Schema.DescribeFieldResult Class
• : Enforcing CRUD and FLS

A UX Designer should take the following steps to create and deliver responsible and transparent AI technology12:

• C. Document model cards to clarify intended context and use cases. Model cards are standardized documents that provide essential information about a machine learning model, such as its purpose, performance, limitations, and ethical considerations3. Model cards can help UX Designers to communicate the design choices and trade-offs of their AI systems, and to ensure that they are aligned with the user needs and expectations4.
• D. Provide clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations. Explanations are user-facing descriptions of how and why an AI system produces a certain output, such as a prediction, a recommendation, or a decision5. Explanations can help UX Designers to increase the transparency and trustworthiness of their AI systems, and to empower users to understand, control, and evaluate the AI outcomes6.

References: Salesforce Debuts AI Ethics Model: How Ethical Practices Further Responsible Artificial Intelligence, Generative AI: 5 Guidelines for Responsible Development - Salesforce, Model Cards for Model Reporting, Model Cards: A Framework for Increasing Trust in AI Systems, Explainable AI: A Guide for Making Black Box Machine Learning Models Explainable, Salesforce Supports AI Regulation Advancing Digital Trust and Innovation - Salesforce

C. Document model cards to clarify intended context and use cases.

Model cards are documents that describe the intended use, performance, and limitations of AI models. They help ensure that the AI technology is being used responsibly and transparently, as they provide clear information about the model's context, data, and assumptions. This can help reduce the risk of unintended consequences and build trust with users.

D. Provide clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations.

Clear explanations of AI predictions or recommendations help build trust with users and increase understanding of how the AI technology works. By providing an understandable explanation of how a prediction or recommendation was made, users can gain a better understanding of the technology and how it is intended to be used. This can also help reduce the risk of unintended consequences and improve accountability.

  The Salesforce app allows administrators to customize the brand color and the loading page logo to match the company’s branding. The brand color affects the key user interface elements such as the header, buttons, and search bar. The loading page logo is the image that appears after a mobile user logs in. These elements can be customized from Setup by entering Salesforce Branding in the Quick Find box, then selecting Salesforce Branding. The other elements, such as the search bar layout, the background image, and the focus link color, are not customizable in the Salesforce app. References:

• Customize Salesforce Mobile App Branding
• How Salesforce App Branding Works

 The two Salesforce features that should be suggested to improve the end-user experience are:

• Favorite the often-used object. This feature allows the users to bookmark the object’s tab and access it quickly from the Favorites menu in the header. This way, the users do not have to search for the object in the App Launcher or switch to a different app to use it.
• Personalize the navigation bar. This feature allows the users to customize the navigation bar in their Lightning app by adding, removing, or reordering the items. This way, the users can add the object they often use to their navigation bar and access it easily from any page in the app.

References:

• : Favorites in Lightning Experience
• : Personalize Your Navigation Bar

According to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which are the leading international standards for accessible web design, perceivable content is content that can be presented to users in ways they can perceive. This means that the content should be available tothe senses (vision, touch, and hearing) either through the browser or through assistive technologies like screen readers, screen enlargers, and others1. Therefore, the content should only be visible is the correct answer, as it implies that the content can be seen by users who rely on vision to access the web. The other options are incorrect, as they suggest that the content is not perceivable to all users.

References:

• Web Accessibility For Beginners | DigitalOcean, Perceivable: Content on the web should be perceivable.

 User interface planning is an essential part of the Einstein Bot implementation process, as it involves designing the bot’s appearance, behavior, and interactions with the customers. User interface planning can affect the bot’s effectiveness and customer satisfaction, as it can influence the clarity, efficiency, consistency, and beauty of the bot’s experience. User interface planning includes1:

• Choosing a bot avatar and name that match the brand and tone of the company
• Configuring the bot greeting and fallback messages that set the expectations and boundaries of the bot’s capabilities
• Designing the bot dialogues and menus that guide the customers through the conversation and provide relevant options and information
• Testing and iterating the bot user interface based on user feedback and analytics References: Einstein Bots Project Planning | Salesforce Trailhead

Q Tabs are a type of SLDS component that can be used to organize and consolidate content on a record page. Q Tabs are a variant of the Tabs component that are designed for use in the Lightning App Builder. Q Tabs allow users to switch between different views of related information within the same context. Q Tabs can also be nested to create subtabs within a tab. Q Tabs can help UX designers to create content-rich record pages that are easy to navigate and consume. Q Tabs can also help to reduce clutter and scrolling on a record page by grouping related content into tabs. Q Tabs can be customized with different icons, labels, and badges to indicate the type and status of the content in each tab. Q Tabs can also be configured to load content dynamically or on demand, which can improve the performance and user experience of the record page. References: Q Tabs Component Blueprint | Lightning Design System, Tabs Component Blueprint | Lightning Design System, Tabs | Lightning Web Components Developer Guide | Salesforce Developers

 The additional UX elements that should be reviewed to influence the brand experience are visual, content, and interaction design. These elements are essential for creating a consistent, engaging, and memorable user experience that reflects the company’s brand identity and values12.

Visual design refers to the use of colors, shapes, typography, images, icons, and other graphical elements to create a visual hierarchy, contrast, balance, and harmony on the page13. Visual design affects the user’s perception, emotion, and attention, and cancommunicate the brand’s personality, tone, and message13. For example, Cloud Kicks can use their logo, colorscheme, and font to create a recognizable and distinctive visual identity for their portal landing page4.

Content design refers to the creation, organization, and presentation of text, audio, video, and other media to convey the brand’s value proposition, story, and information to the user15. Content design affects the user’s understanding, interest, and trust, and can communicate the brand’s purpose, benefits, and voice15. For example, Cloud Kicks can use clear, concise, and compelling headlines, subheadings, and body text to highlight their products, services, and customer testimonials on their portal landing page.

Interaction design refers to the design of the user interface elements, such as buttons, links, menus, forms, and sliders, that enable the user to interact with the page and perform tasks1 . Interaction design affects the user’s behavior, satisfaction, and feedback, and can communicate the brand’s functionality, usability, and responsiveness1 . For example, Cloud Kicks can use intuitive, consistent, and accessible navigation, search, and filtering options to help the user find what they are looking for on their portal landing page.

By reviewing and improving these UX elements, Cloud Kicks can ensure that their portal landing page delivers a positive and coherent brand experience to their users, and that their brand identity is translated into the user experience.

References:

• The 5 Elements of User Experience Design
• How to Create a Brand Experience That Works With Your UX
• Visual Design Basics
• Use Branding Sets in Experience Builder
• Content Design: What It Is and Why It Matters
• [How to Write Effective Web Content for Your Experience Cloud Site]
• [Interaction Design Basics]
• [Designing User Interfaces for Experience Cloud Sites]

 A Community Manager is a Salesforce persona who is responsible for creating, managing, and moderating online communities that connect customers, partners, and employees. They spend most of their time engaging with community members, enforcing community standards, and providing member support. A Community Manager aligns with the user who performs similar tasks in moderating forums. References: : Salesforce Personas : Community Manager Roles and Responsibilities

The Path component is a Salesforce Lightning Design System (SLDS) component that can be used to represent stages for opportunities within the sales process. The Path component displays the stages as a horizontal bar with icons and labels, and highlights the current stage with a blue background. The Path component also allows users to move opportunities to different stages, view and edit key fields for each stage, and access guidance and tips for each stage. The Path component can be added to any object that has a picklist field with values that represent stages, such as the Stage field on the Opportunity object12. References:

• Path Component
• Set Up a Path for Your Sales Team

According to the Salesforce Trailhead, the Trusted Advisor persona spends 3+ hours a day maintaining relationships with existing customers. They upsell products, grow deals, and manage renewals. This persona also spends time prospecting for new opportunities in existing accounts and gathering requirements from prospects1

Therefore, the key business process that defines their work and should be analyzed to make sure the delivered experience fits their needs is maintaining relationships with existing customers. This process involves understanding the customer’s needs, goals, expectations, and satisfaction, as well as providing them with relevant solutions, support, and value. The UX Designer should focus on creating a user interface that enables the Trusted Advisor to easily access and update customer information, communicate and collaborate with customers, and track and measure customer loyalty and retention23

• Managing sales pipeline and forecasting: This is not the key business process that defines the work of the Trusted Advisor persona, but rather the Data Expert persona. The Data Expert persona spends 3+ hours a day on reporting and sales forecasting. They also spend 1–3 hours managing the sales pipeline and tools for the sales team1
• Customizing and administering Salesforce: This is not the key business process that defines the work of the Trusted Advisor persona, but rather the Sales Leader persona. The Sales Leader persona spends most of their day managing, coaching, and training sales reps. They also spendtime managing tools and processes for sales reps, which includes customizing and administering Salesforce1

References:

• Learn About Sales Cloud Personas Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
• How to Increase Your Sales with Personas for Salesforce Users | RTS Labs
• How to Use Journey Mapping to Improve Employee Engagement

A usability study is a method of evaluating how easy and intuitive a product or service is to use by observing real users performing specific tasks. It can help identify usability issues, user needs, and user satisfaction. One of the first steps when planning a usability study is to define the goals of the study, which are the questions that the UX designer wants to answer or the hypotheses that they want to test. The goals of the study will guide the selection of the participants, the tasks, the metrics, and the methods of the study. For example, if the goal of the study is to find out how users navigate the Experience Cloud site, the UX designer might choose to use a task-based usability test with eye-tracking and think-aloud techniques. References:

• : User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Module 4: Analyze User Research Data
• : User Experience Designer Certification Prep: Module 6: Validate User Interfaces

Designing perceivable content means that the content should be presented in a way that can be convertible between different formats, so that users with different sensory abilities can access it. For example, providing text alternatives for images and videos, captions and transcripts for audio, and audio descriptions for visual content. This way, users who are blind, deaf, or have low vision or hearing can perceive the content using assistive technologies, such as screen readers, braille keyboards, or captions. The content should not only be presented in a visual format (A) or an audio format (B), as that would exclude users who cannot see or hear the content. The content should be adaptable to different formats and devices, and follow the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) principle of perceivability12. References:

• Perceivable - Accessibility | MDN
• What Is Perceivability in Web Accessibility? WCAG Principles Explained

 When the organization-wide default for Accounts is private, users can only access the accounts they own or are explicitly shared with them. However, when the organization-wide default for Opportunities is private, users can access the opportunities they own, are explicitly shared with them, or are associated with accounts they can access1. Therefore, when ownership-based sharing rules are created for each team to grant access to opportunities owned by their team members, the sales reps on the same team will also have Read access to the accounts for those opportunities. This is because the sharing rules for opportunities automatically grant access to the parent accounts2. However, the sales reps will not have Edit access to the accounts, unless the sharing rules specify Full Access for the opportunities3. The sales reps will also not have access to all accounts or all opportunities, only those that are owned by their team members or themselves. References: Sharing Records Owned byHigh-Volume Portal Users | Salesforce Security Guide, Sharing Rules | Salesforce Security Guide, Create Owner-Based Sharing Rules | Salesforce Security Guide

The best option for guiding sales users through a new process using floating or docked prompts is to use the Walkthrough App from AppExchange. This app allows admins to create and manage in-app guidance walkthroughs using clicks, not code. Walkthroughs are interactive tutorials that guide users through a series of steps on a Lightning page. Users can see the prompts, click the action buttons, and follow the instructions to complete the process. Admins can also track the engagement and completion of the walkthroughs using reports and dashboards. The Walkthrough App is compatible with the standard in-app guidance feature, and does not require a subscription to myTrailhead1 .

The other options are not suitable for this scenario because:

• In-App Guidance Prompts using myTrailhead: This option requires a subscription to myTrailhead, which is a customizable learning platform that allows admins to create their own content and branding. In-app guidance prompts are one of the features of myTrailhead, but they are not the same as walkthroughs. Prompts are single-step messages that appear on a Lightning page, while walkthroughs are multi-step tutorials that guide users through a process. Prompts can be used to provide tips, announcements, or links, but they cannot show users how to perform a task234.
• Custom build using Salesforce Flow: This option requires coding and development skills, which may not be available or feasible for the admin team. Salesforce Flow is a tool that allows admins to automate processes and tasks using clicks or code. Flows can be triggered by various events, such as buttons, actions, schedules, or record changes. Flows can also display screens to users, which can contain fields, text, images, or components. However, screens are not the same as prompts or walkthroughs. Screens are part of a flow logic, and they require user input to proceed to the next step. Screens cannot be customized to appear as floating or docked prompts, and they cannot guide users through a Lightning page56.
• Basic In-App Guidance Prompts: This option does not require a subscription to myTrailhead, but it also does not provide the functionality of walkthroughs. Basic in-app guidance prompts are the same as the ones mentioned in the first option, but without the customization and branding of myTrailhead. Basic prompts can be created and managed using clicks, not code, and they can be filtered by profiles and permissions. However, basic promptsare still single-step messages that appear on a Lightning page, and they cannot show users how to perform a task23.

References:

• : [In-App Guidance Walkthroughs: Getting Started for Sales Users]
• : [In-App Guidance Dashboard: Walkthrough Engagement]
• : [In-App Guidance in Lightning Experience]
• : [Salesforce Flow | Salesforce Developer Center]
• : [Salesforce Flow Workflow Automation Tools - Salesforce.com]
• : [The Complete Guide to Salesforce Flow | Salesforce Ben]
• : [Trailhead | The fun way to learn]
• : [Editions & Pricing - myTrailhead- Salesforce]
• : [Salesforce introduces myTrailhead, a personal learning platform …]
• : [Trailhead | The fun way to learn Salesforce]
• : [Getting Started with myTrailhead - Salesforce]

 A prioritization matrix is a method that helps UX designers to inform user stories based on user value and development effort. A prioritization matrix is a table that compares different user stories or features based on two criteria: user value and development effort. User value is the benefit or satisfaction that the user will get from using the feature. Development effort is the time, cost, and complexity involved in building the feature. By plotting user stories or features on a prioritization matrix, UX designers can identify which ones are high-value and low-effort, which ones are high-value and high-effort, which ones are low-value and low-effort, and which ones are low-value and high-effort. This helps UX designers to prioritize the user stories or features that will deliver the most value to the user with the least amount of effort, and to deprioritize or eliminate the ones that will deliver the leastvalue to the user with the most amount of effort. A prioritization matrix can also help UX designers to communicate and align with stakeholders and developers on the scope and feasibility of the project. References: Prioritize User Stories and Features Unit | Salesforce Trailhead, How to PrioritizeUser Stories (and Build the Right Features), Salesforce User Experience (UX) Designer Certification Guide & Tips

Accordions are collapsible sections that can be used to separate different content areas. By using accordions, users can quickly navigate through the page and easily find thecontent that they need. The use of accordions also ensures that screen readers can access the content within each section, reducing the need for additional navigation. Additionally, a Lightning Console layout can be used to organize components, but this layout is optimized for customer service agents and not necessarily for screen reader users. Placing components in adjacent tabs or stacking them on the same page can make the page difficult to navigate and can make it difficult for screen readers to understand the page. For more information, see the Salesforce Accessibility Guide (https://help.salesforce.com/articleView?id=accessibility_overview.htm &type=5).

 According to the Salesforce Lightning Design System, accordions are a good way to organize components on a page for screen reader-assisted accessibility. Accordions allow users to expand and collapse sections of content, which can help reduce cognitive load and scrolling. Accordions also provide a clear heading structure and keyboard navigation for each section1. The other options are not recommended for screen reader-assisted accessibility, as they can create confusion, clutter, or inefficiency for users who rely on auditory feedback. For example, switching to a Lightning Console layout can make it harder for users to navigate between tabs and subtabs2. Placing components in adjacent tabs can also increase the number of keystrokes and commands needed to access the information3. Stacking components on the same page can create a long and overwhelming page that requires excessive scrolling and reading4.

References: Accordions - Lightning Design System, Lightning Console Apps - Salesforce Help, Tabs - Lightning Design System, Accessibility Standards - Salesforce Help

Accordion elements are UI components that allow users to expand and collapse sections of content. They are useful for organizing information in a limited space, such as on mobile devices. However, they also have some usability challenges, such as discoverability, accessibility, and navigation. To improve the usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment, two possible ways are:

• Include persistent headings. Persistent headings are the labels that indicate the content of each section and allow users to tap on them to expand or collapse the content. Persistent headings should be visible at all times, even when the content is expanded, so that users can easily see the context and switch between sections. Persistent headings should also be clear, concise, and descriptive, so that users can understand what each section contains and decide whether to explore it or not. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design]
• Only allow users to open one selection at a time. This means that when a user taps on a heading to expand a section, any other previously expanded section should automatically collapse. This prevents the content from becoming too long and overwhelming for the user,and also helps to maintain the focus and hierarchy of the information. It also reduces the need for scrolling and the risk of losing the position of the headings. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design]

Nesting an accordion inside of another is not a good way to improve the usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment, because it creates a complex and confusing structure that is hard to navigate and understand. It also increases the cognitive load and the number of taps required for the user to access the information. Using the ‘back’ browser button to collapse content is also not a good way to improve the usability of accordion elements in a mobile environment, because it breaks the user’s expectation and the consistency of the UI. The ‘back’ browser button should be used to go back to the previous page or screen, not to collapse the content within the same page or screen. It also makes it difficult for the user to return to the expanded content if they want to. [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design] References: [UX Designer Certification Prep: User Interface Design Principles], [UX Designer Certification Prep: Mobile Design]

Updating the homepage with access to commonly used reports is the best way to make sure the user can quickly accessthe reports they need. This could include making the global search bar bigger on every page, adding the daily task component to the homepage, or creating a mind board to communicate the visual style of the UI. Additionally, Salesforce has some great resources on designing for search, such as their Search Design Guide [1] and their Search Best Practices [2].

[1] https://www.salesforce.com/content/dam/web/en_us/www/documents/salesforce-search-design-guide.pdf [2]  https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.salesforce_search_best_practices.meta/salesforce_search_best_practices/search_best_practices_intro.htm

 A user flow is a UX design method that creates a visual representation of a user’s series of steps to achieve a meaningful goal. A user flow shows the path that a user takes from their entry point to their final action, such as signing up, purchasing, or completing a task. A user flow helps designers understand and optimize the user experience, as well as identify pain points, gaps, and opportunities for improvement. A user flow can take various forms, such as diagrams, wireframes, or prototypes, depending on the level of detail and fidelity required. References:

• What Are User Flows In UX Design? [Full Beginner’s Guide] - CareerFoundry
• What is a User Flow in UX Design? — updated 2023 | IxDF
• User Flows in UX Design: Definition, Benefits, and Best Practices

 One of the administrative capabilities that can be used for mobile navigation menu setup is to include Visualforce and Lightning pages as menu tabs. Visualforce and Lightning pages are custom pages that can display data, logic, and interface elements in the Salesforce mobile app. To include Visualforce and Lightning pages as menu tabs, the UX Designer needs to create tabs for those items first, and then add them to the navigation menu of the Mobile Only app or the Lightning app12

• Menu tabs can be based on different user types: This is not an administrative capability that can be used for mobile navigation menu setup, but rather a feature of the Lightning app navigation method. The Lightning app navigation method allows the UX Designer to create different Lightning apps for different user types, and assign them to different user profiles. Each Lightning app can have its own navigation menu and navigation bar, which can be customized with the items that are relevant for each user type34
• Menu tabs visibility is based on user location: This is not an administrative capability that can be used for mobile navigation menu setup, but rather a feature of the geolocation field type. The geolocation field type allows the UX Designer to store the latitude and longitude coordinates of a record, and use them for various purposes, such as displaying maps, calculating distances, or filtering reports. The geolocation field type does not affect the visibility of the menu tabs in the Salesforce mobile app.

References:

• Customize the Mobile Only Navigation Menu in the Salesforce Mobile App
• Customize a Lightning App Navigation Menu in the Salesforce Mobile App
• Create a Lightning App Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
• Assign a Lightning App to a User Profile Unit | Salesforce Trailhead
• [Geolocation Custom Field Type - Salesforce Help]
• [Use Geolocation Fields in Formulas - Salesforce Help]

The discovery phase is a crucial stage in any UX design project, as it helps to understand the user needs, business goals, and technical constraints of the problem1. The discovery phase typically involves various research methods, such as interviews, surveys, observations, and analytics, to gather data and insights about the users and the context of use2. The outputs of the discovery phase are artifacts that synthesize and communicate the findings and insights from the research. Some of the practices that should be considered for planning out the strategy for an upcoming discovery phase are:

• Gather insight from end users: One of the main objectives of the discovery phase is to empathize with the end users and understand their goals, motivations, pain points, behaviors, and preferences. This can be done by conducting user research, such as interviews, surveys, focus groups, or usability tests, to collect qualitative and quantitative data from the target audience3. Gathering insight from end users helps to validate the assumptions and hypotheses about the problem and the solution, as well as to identify the user requirements and expectations for the design.
• Establish the research plan and timeline: Before conducting any user research, it is important to establish a clear and realistic research plan and timeline. The research plan should define the research objectives, questions, methods, participants, and deliverables. The research timeline should specify the duration, frequency, and sequence of the research activities, as well as the deadlines and milestones for the deliverables4. Establishing the research plan and timeline helps to ensure that the discovery phase is well-organized, efficient, and effective, as well as to communicate the expectations and responsibilities to the stakeholders and the team members.
• Understand the problem before moving to solutions: Another key practice for the discovery phase is to focus on understanding the problem before jumping to solutions. This means defining the problem statement, the scope, and the constraints of the project, as well as identifying the root causes, the symptoms, and the impacts of the problem. Understanding the problem before moving to solutions helps to avoid wasting time and resources on creating solutions that do not address the real needs and pain points of the users, or that are not feasible or viable for the business or the technology.

The other two options, considering platform-based before custom solutions and determining user acceptance criteria, are not practices that should be considered for planning out the strategy for an upcoming discovery phase. Considering platform-based before custom solutions is a practice that belongs to the design phase, not the discovery phase, as it involves choosing the best solution option based on the user research findings and the design principles5. Determining user acceptance criteria is a practice that belongs to the testing phase, not the discovery phase, as it involves defining the criteria that the solution must meet to be accepted by the users and the stakeholders6.

References: UX Discovery Process: A Complete Guide, UX Research Methods: How to Uncover Valuable Insight about your Users, User Research: What It Is and Why You Should Do It, How to Create a UX Research Plan, Platform-Based vs. Custom Solutions: Which One to Choose?, User Acceptance Testing (UAT): A Complete Guide

For Cloud Kicks' upcoming discovery phase, the three practices that should be considered are:

A. Understand the Problem Before Moving to Solutions: Establishing a clear understanding of theproblem and what the desired outcomes are before beginning the discovery phase is essential for successful project planning. This can be done by gathering data and insights from end users, conducting research, and understanding how the problem is currentlybeing addressed.

B. Gather Insight from End Users: Gathering insights from end users is a crucial step in the discovery phase. End users provide valuable feedback and insights into the problem and how a potential solution may work. This feedback can helpshape the overall project plan and help identify potential solutions.

C. Establish the Research Plan and Timeline: The research plan and timeline should be established before beginning the discovery phase. This should include a list of tasks to be completed, the resources needed, and a timeline for completion. This plan should be communicated to all stakeholders so everyone is aware of the project goals and timeline.