To meet the requirements:

For mobile devices, the content should display in three rows.

For desktops and tablets, the content should display in a single row.

Explanation of Correct Option (B):The code uses lightning:layoutItem with appropriate sizing for mediumDeviceSize="4", which ensures:

Mobile devices: Each layout item will occupy the full width (size="12"), resulting in three rows.

Tablets and desktops: Each layout item will occupy one-third of the row (mediumDeviceSize="4"), displaying in a single row.

Example Code from Option B:

{!v.account.Name}

{!v.account.AccountNumber}

{!v.account.Industry}

Option A: Does not account for mediumDeviceSize and will not adjust for tablets/desktops.

Option C: Uses incorrect sizing for mediumDeviceSize, which may not display correctly for tablets/desktops.

Lightning Web Components (LWC):

Fully responsive and designed to handle touch events.

Executes on stateful clients with high performance.

Aura Components:

Supports responsive designs and touch events but is slightly less efficient than LWC.

Why Not Other Options?

B. Visualforce Components: Not designed for responsiveness or touch event handling.

C. Visualforce Pages: Primarily server-rendered and not stateful for touch interactions.

LWC Overview: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/documentation/en/lwc

References:

Lightning Web Components (LWCs) have access to a variety of resources in Salesforce. Below are the supported resources:

Static Resources (A):You can use static resources to reference JavaScript libraries, images, and other files needed in an LWC.

In Aura components:

B. Renderer: Contains custom rendering logic.

C. Controller: Manages user interaction and component events.

E. Helper: Contains reusable JavaScript functions for logic.

An External ID field is used to match data in Salesforce with data from external systems (like an on-premise SQL database). It allows for easy upserts and data integration without relying on Salesforce IDs.

Why not other options?

A: External objects are used for real-time integration with external systems but do not address data matching directly.

C: Formula fields are calculated fields and cannot be used for data matching.

D: Lookup fields are used for creating relationships between objects within Salesforce, not for matching external data.

The test class is failing because the records are being inserted with the default user context, which may not have the necessary sharing or profile permissions. Wrapping the insert operations within a System.runAs block using a Standard User ensures the operations are executed with the correct context, simulating real-world behavior.

 Execution Flow:

Initially, x = 0.

Inside the do block:

x = 1 is set.

x++ increments x to 2.

The condition x < 1 is evaluated. Since x = 2, the condition is false, and the loop exits.

 Value of x in Debug Log:

Final value of x after the loop is 2.

B. Updates to FeedItem:

Triggers can fire when FeedItem records are updated, such as posts on records or Chatter updates.

C. Cascading delete operations:

When a parent record is deleted, cascading delete operations on related child records can trigger child object triggers.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Changing a user's default division does not fire triggers.

D: Renaming or replacing a picklist entry does not fire triggers.

Trigger Events: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_triggers_context_variables_considerations.htm

References:

Why Lightning Data Service?

Enforces Salesforce’s security model, including:

Sharing rules.

Field-level security (FLS).

This eliminates the need for additional manual security checks.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Incorrect, LDS enforces FLS.

B: with sharing applies to Apex, not Lightning Data Service.

D: isAccessible() is unnecessary for LDS because it already enforces FLS.

Lightning Data Service: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.lightning.meta/lightning/data_service.htm

References:

In Apex, a class can extend a virtual class (similar to abstract classes in Java) by using the extends keyword. This allows the subclass (CustomerOrder) to inherit properties and methods from the parent virtual class (OrderRequest).

After running all tests, the Overall Code Coverage panel in the Developer Console shows the code coverage percentage for each class.

This is the most reliable and optimal way to view code coverage.

Creating test classes ensures that the Apex class works according to specifications by validating the functionality under various scenarios and edge cases. Running tests in the Developer Console provides detailed feedback on whether the class meets requirements.

The Limits class in Apex provides methods to check the consumption of governor limits, such as the number of SOQL queries, DML statements, and heap size used.

Example:

Integer dmlStatements = Limits.getDMLStatements();

Integer dmlLimit = Limits.getLimitDMLStatements();

Not Suitable:

Option A: OrgLimits is not an Apex class.

Option C: Messaging deals with email and messaging operations.

Option D: Exception is for handling exceptions, not tracking resource usage.

Why Prebuilt Components?

The Lightning Component Framework includes a library of prebuilt components, which developers can use to build applications faster.

Why Not Other Options?

A: The framework is exclusive to Lightning Experience, not Classic UI.

C: The framework does not provide templates but focuses on reusable components.

D: Extended governor limits are not provided by the framework.

Lightning Components Overview: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/documentation/en/lwc

References:

Option A (Apex Class): Trace flags can be configured for specific Apex classes to debug issues during their execution.

Option C (User): Trace flags can be set for specific users to debug issues occurring in their transactions.

Option E (Apex Trigger): Trace flags can be set for specific triggers to debug execution.

Not Suitable:

Option B (Flow): Trace flags cannot be configured for Flows directly.

Option D (Visualforce): Trace flags are not used to debug Visualforce pages directly.

To create and manage scratch orgs in Salesforce DX, the Dev Hub must be enabled in your Salesforce production or Developer Edition org. Dev Hub acts as the central hub for managing scratch orgs.

Option A: Using a Test Data Factory class is a recommended approach to create test records programmatically. This ensures that the test is independent of existing data and can be executed in isolation.

Option B: The @IsTest(SeeAllData=true) annotation allows the test to access existing records in the database, including Pricing_Structure__c. However, this is less recommended as it creates a dependency on existing org data.

Not Suitable:

Option C: Test.loadData is used to load records from a static resource (CSV) but doesn't suit the requirement directly.

Option D: Adding without sharing to a class impacts sharing rules but does not create or ensure the existence of test data.

Using a formula field is the most efficient solution to calculate the ratio between rejected and approved timesheets. It minimizes maintenance overhead by dynamically calculating the value based on the existing roll-up summary fields.

Example Formula:

Total_Rejected_Timesheets__c / Total_Approved_Timesheets__c

When running a flow in debug mode, Salesforce rolls back any DML operations performed during the debugging process to ensure no data changes affect the org. This helps test and verify flow logic without impacting live data.

 Why Queueable?

Queueable Apex allows asynchronous processing, which can handle bulk updates efficiently without hitting governor limits.

The trigger enqueues the Queueable class to process the asset updates.

 Avoiding Limit Failures:

Moving logic to a Queueable class offloads resource-intensive operations to asynchronous processing.

Advantages of Lightning Web Components (LWC):

A. Rich component ecosystem:

LWCs have a modern, rich component library designed for modular and reusable development.

D. Self-contained and reusable units:

LWCs are designed to be modular, reusable, and self-contained, reducing duplication and enhancing maintainability.

Why Not Other Options?

B. Log capturing via Debug Logs Setup page: This is unrelated to LWC and is a debugging feature.

C. Built-in standard and custom set controllers: Relevant to Visualforce, not LWCs.

LWC Documentation: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/documentation/en/lwc

References:

Execution Flow:

The loop runs 500 times (i ranges from 0 to 499).

In each iteration, a new Account record is created and inserted.

Governor Limits:

This code violates the governor limit of 150 DML statements per transaction because each insert is executed individually.

However, the code logically attempts to insert 500 accounts.

Key Consideration:

The code demonstrates inefficient handling of DML operations and would fail in a real-world scenario.

Governor Limits: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_gov_limits.htm

References:

The @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) annotation makes an Apex method available to Lightning Web Components and allows it to be wired to a property while enabling client-side caching for improved performance.

To embed a Flow in an Aura component, the lightning:flow tag is used. It allows developers to interact with flows declaratively in Aura components.

Roll-Up Summary Field:

Since the relationship between Order and Order Line Item is a Master-Detail, a Roll-Up Summary field can be used on the Order object.

The MAX function in a Roll-Up Summary field calculates the latest date (the maximum value) among all the availability dates on the Order Line Items.

Why MAX Roll-Up Summary Field Works:

The latest availability date among the Order Line Items will determine when the entire Order can be shipped.

Why Not Other Options?

A and B: There is no such formula called "LATEST" or "CEILING" applicable to date fields.

C: A COUNT Roll-Up Summary is irrelevant for calculating dates.

Roll-Up Summary Fields: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.object_reference.meta/object_reference/roll_up_summary_fields.htm

References:

In the provided code snippet, the class myClass does not specify a sharing declaration (with sharing or without sharing). In Salesforce, when a class does not explicitly declare its sharing context, it defaults to without sharing. This means sharing rules are not enforced.

Why Test.loadData()?

Simplifies test data creation by loading data from a CSV file stored as a static resource.

Ideal for testing specific field values in bulk.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Querying data from the org violates test isolation principles.

C: Anonymous Apex cannot be used within test classes.

D: JSON files in Documents are not supported by Test.loadData().

Test.loadData(): https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_testing_tools_load_data.htm

References:

Why Change Sets?

Change Sets are the recommended and simplest way to deploy metadata, including Apex code and Lightning Components, from Sandbox to Production.

Why Not Other Options?

A: The Force.com IDE is deprecated.

B: The Ant Migration Tool is more suitable for complex deployments but not necessary for standard Sandbox-to-Production migration.

D: Salesforce CLI is effective for deployment but requires scripting expertise, making Change Sets easier for most users.

Change Sets: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.changesets.htm

References:

To embed a Lightning component in a Visualforce page, the following are required:

A: is necessary to include the Lightning framework on the Visualforce page.

C: $Lightning.use() initializes the Lightning app and is essential for using Lightning components.

Why not other options?

B: $Lightning.createComponent is used for creating a specific Lightning component but is not enough on its own.

D: includes SLDS (Styling) but is unrelated to embedding Lightning components.

E: This is not a valid syntax.

References:

Embedding Lightning Components in Visualforce

Account Trigger:

Apex triggers allow for complex logic to retrieve and update the Timezone field based on PostalCodeToTimezone__c.

Fast Field Updates Record-Triggered Flow:

A record-triggered flow in Fast Field Updates mode can fetch the necessary data from PostalCodeToTimezone__c and update the Account.

Why Not Other Options?

A. Quick actions: Used for user interface updates, not for automation based on edits.

B. Approval process: Not relevant to dynamic field updates.

Record-Triggered Flow: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.flow_build_trigger.htm

References:

Why Re-Parentable Master-Detail Field?

A master-detail relationship allows Line Items to roll up totals (e.g., calculate total amount) to the Order.

Setting the relationship as re-parentable supports moving Line Items between different Orders.

Why Not Other Options?

B. Lookup field: Does not support roll-up summary fields for calculations.

C and D: Relationships in the opposite direction (Order to Line Item) do not support the required logic.

Master-Detail Relationships: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.object_reference.meta/object_reference/relationships_master_detail.htm

References:

Option A: This is the correct syntax for SOSL to retrieve data across multiple objects. It searches for "Universal Containers" in the CompanyName fields and returns the specified fields for Lead, Account, and Contact.

Other Options:

Option B and D: These are invalid SOQL statements since SOQL does not support multi-object queries.

Option C: Name fields are not relevant to the search term "CompanyName."

Option A: The tag ensures that scripts are loaded only once, even if referenced multiple times.

Option D: The tag allows you to specify the order of scripts to ensure dependencies are loaded correctly.

Option E: Externally hosted scripts can be loaded using the scripts attribute.

Not Suitable:

Option B (Loading scripts in parallel): Scripts are loaded sequentially to ensure proper dependency handling.

Option C (Loading Files from Documents): Files must be hosted externally or in static resources, not in Documents.

Why Use final?

The final keyword ensures that a variable's value can only be assigned once.

Option B: Assigning the value in the constructor is valid as it allows for flexibility when creating class instances.

Option C: Assigning the value directly when declaring the variable is also valid for constants.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Static variables can have their values reassigned unless marked as final.

D: Static variables cannot be assigned within a class constructor.

Apex Final Keyword: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_classes_final.htm

References:

A: An External ID field is designed to store an ID from another external system, which can be used to match Salesforce records with data from an external source during data imports or integrations.

D: External ID fields are automatically indexed, which can significantly improve the performance of SOQL queries when filtering based on the External ID.

Why not other options?

B: External IDs cannot be formula fields. Only text, number, email, and auto-number fields can be set as External IDs.

C: While External IDs are useful for integrations, they do not make external data visible within Salesforce Mobile.

References:

External IDs Overview

A try-catch block allows the batch to continue processing even if some records cause errors. Errors can be logged for review, ensuring the integration process does not stop entirely.

To query related child records in a lookup or master-detail relationship:

Use the parent object (Gym__c) to retrieve its child records (Trainer__c) through a nested query.

The child relationship name (Trainers__r) is derived from the lookup field.

The SOQL query assigns its result directly to a single sObject variable (Account myAccount). If the query returns more than one record, Salesforce throws a QueryException because the system cannot automatically cast multiple results to a single sObject.

Not Suitable:

Option A: The variable cannot be automatically cast to a list.

Option C: The query itself does not fail but throws an exception.

Option D: The first record is not automatically assigned.

Trigger.old in a before insert trigger:

The Trigger.old context variable contains the old version of the records being processed in the trigger.

In a before insert trigger, the records being processed are new and have no prior state in the database, so Trigger.old is null.

This behavior is specific to insert triggers because there is no "old" record to reference before the record is created.

Why is it null?

The Trigger.old variable is only populated for triggers that handle updates or deletions (e.g., before update, after update, before delete, after delete). For insert operations, no previous state of the record exists.

Why not the other options?

A. An empty list of sObjects:

This is incorrect because Trigger.old is not initialized as an empty list for insert triggers—it is simply null.

B. Undefined:

Trigger.old is defined in the trigger context, but it is null for insert operations. Undefined is not a valid Apex state.

D. A list of newly created sObjects without IDs:

This describes Trigger.new in a before insert trigger, not Trigger.old. Trigger.new contains the new records being inserted.

References:

Apex Triggers Documentation

Trigger Context Variables

75% Code Coverage (A):To deploy Apex code to production, Salesforce requires at least 75% of the code to be covered by tests across the organization.

Option A contains code that improperly handles user input, which may lead to a security vulnerability such as SOQL injection. To avoid this, always use bind variables when constructing queries.

Change sets can only be used between related organizations:

Change sets require a relationship between the source and target Salesforce orgs, such as a production org and its sandboxes. You cannot use change sets between unrelated Salesforce orgs.

The Boolean isOK variable is declared but not initialized, meaning its value is null by default in Apex.

The code evaluates the if-else conditions in sequence:

Condition 1: isOK == false && theString == 'Hello'

isOK is null, so this evaluates to false.

Condition 2: isOK == true && theString == 'Hello'

Again, isOK is null, so this evaluates to false.

Condition 3: isOK != null && theString == 'Hello'

isOK is null, so isOK != null evaluates to false.

Else block: None of the above conditions are true, so the code enters the else block and sets x = 4.

References:

Apex Boolean Data Type

The code snippet in question creates and inserts an account named MyAccount and then initializes a loop to add additional accounts.

The loop runs from x = 1 and continues adding accounts until x < 10.

Since the condition x++ is post-increment, the loop runs exactly 10 times, creating and adding 10 new accounts to the newAccounts list.

At the end, the insert DML statement persists these 10 new accounts, along with the already existing account (MyAccount).

Total accounts in the org:

Existing accounts = 5

New accounts added = 10

Total = 15

References:

Salesforce Apex Developer Guide

Salesforce SOQL & SOSL Reference

Validation Rule Violations:

Salesforce automatically throws exceptions for validation rule violations during DML operations.

is used to display these errors to the user.

Why Not Other Options?

A: Controller attributes alone cannot handle validation messages.

B: A try/catch block does not address validation rule violations effectively.

D: Database.upsert() method is not related to validation error handling.

Apex Messages: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.pages.meta/pages/pages_compref_messages.htm

References:

Option A: A screen-based flow is ideal for gathering multiple pieces of information from the user interactively. It provides a declarative way to guide the service agent through the process step-by-step.

Not Suitable:

Option B: An approval process is for routing records for approval, not for gathering user input.

Option C: Apex triggers are for automation, not for interactive user input.

Option D: A Lightning Component could work but requires custom development, which is less efficient than using flows.

SFDX CLI (A):Salesforce CLI allows the automation of deployment scripts to sandboxes. Using commands like sfdx force:source:deploy, developers can deploy metadata directly from source control.

B: Salesforce requires that all Apex code have at least 75% test coverage in production before deployment. This ensures that the system remains reliable.

C: All triggers must have some test coverage as part of the overall 75% requirement for Apex code.

Why not other options?

A: Object visibility settings are not a deployment requirement.

D: Visual Flows do not require test coverage for deployment to production.

References:

Apex Test Coverage Requirements

C. Update the PrimaryId__c field definition to mark it as an External Id:

Marking PrimaryId__c as an External Id allows Salesforce to use this field to match records during the data import process, streamlining the process of mapping CSV rows to existing Candidate__c records.

External Id fields are indexed and can be used in tools like Data Loader, Data Import Wizard, or API-based upserts to ensure that records are matched correctly based on the value of the external ID field.

In this case, since PrimaryId__c is unique, marking it as an external ID eliminates the need for custom triggers or flows.

Why this is the best solution?

This technique leverages built-in Salesforce capabilities (no need for custom code or automation).

It ensures accurate record matching and is the standard approach for data enrichment tasks involving unique identifiers.

Why not the other options?

A. Upload the CSV into a custom object related to Candidate__c:

This approach unnecessarily introduces another object, adding complexity. The goal is to update existing Candidate__c records, not store the data in a separate object.

B. Create a before insert trigger to correctly map the records:

Using triggers for this purpose is overengineering. Salesforce already provides tools like upsert for this exact use case. Writing a trigger would require additional effort and could introduce unintended errors or performance issues.

D. Create a before save flow to correctly map the records:

While flows are powerful, they are not the optimal solution for this use case. Data mapping is better handled using an external ID during import to ensure proper matching and updates.

References:

External IDs in Salesforce

Upsert with Data Loader

Unique and External ID Fields

Option A (Developer Console): The Developer Console provides a detailed view of the execution logs and the status of Apex batch or future methods.

Option B (Apex Jobs): The Apex Jobs page in Salesforce Setup shows the status of queued, in-progress, or completed batch and scheduled jobs.

Why Lookup on Account to Global Address?

An Account can reference a single default Global Address via a lookup field, allowing multiple Accounts to share the same address.

This is more efficient than the reverse (lookup on Global Address to Account), as Global Address is the parent in this relationship.

Avoiding Master-Detail:

Lookup relationships provide flexibility in this use case since Accounts and Global Addresses have independent lifecycles.

Example:Create a custom lookup field on Account referencing the Global Address object.

To make an LWC available for use on a record page:

Target Configuration:

Add lightning__RecordPage in the component's .js-meta.xml file to specify where the component can be used.

Expose the Component:

Set isExposed to true in the .js-meta.xml file to make the component available for use.

Example .js-meta.xml File:

57.0

true

lightning__RecordPage

A: Incorrect placement. The tag must be in the .js-meta.xml file, not the JavaScript file.

D: The tag is used for metadata labeling, not for exposing or targeting a component.

LWC Metadata Configuration: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/documentation/en/lwc/lwc.create_metadata_config_file

Why Not the Other Options?References:

Option C implements a before insert trigger to prevent the creation of Request__c records when specific conditions exist. It uses the addError method to display an error to users.

Example of correct logic:

trigger RequestTrigger on Request__c (before insert) {

for (Request__c req : Trigger.new) {

if (!RequestLogic.isValid(req)) {

req.addError('Your request cannot be created at this time.');

}

}

}

Why @TestSetup?

The @TestSetup annotation creates a baseline set of test data once per test class.

Test methods reuse this data, avoiding the need to recreate it repeatedly, which improves efficiency.

Why Not Other Options?

A: HttpCalloutMock is used for mocking callouts, not for creating test data.

C: Using seeAllData=true is discouraged because it relies on org data, violating test isolation principles.

D: While creating data in Test.startTest() works, it is less efficient than @TestSetup for shared data.

Test Setup Methods: https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.apexcode.meta/apexcode/apex_testing_testsetup.htm

References:

Flow Builder:

Flow Builder can evaluate record criteria using a Decision element and then send an outbound message using the "Action" element.

Allows automation without Apex.

Approval Process:

Approval Processes can evaluate criteria and trigger outbound messages as one of the associated actions.

Why Not Other Options?

C. Entitlement Process: Focuses on managing entitlements, not triggering outbound messages.

D. Next Best Action: Used for recommendations and guided actions, not for triggering outbound messages.

Flow Builder Documentation: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=flow_overview.htm

Approval Process Documentation: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=approval_defining.htm

References:

Public Method (A):The parent component can call a public method defined in the child component to pass data directly.

Why Validation Rule?

Validation rules are efficient for enforcing field-level conditions without requiring Apex or Flow.

A formula can check if the user’s profile is not "Sales Manager" and if the Lost Reason field is blank when Status is set to "Closed Lost".

Why Not Other Options?

A: Triggers are more complex and unnecessary for this simple validation.

C: Record-triggered flows are less efficient for field validations compared to validation rules.

D: Approval processes do not handle this type of field-level restriction.

Validation Rule Documentation: https://help.salesforce.com/s/articleView?id=sf.fields_about_field_validation.htm

References: