SAP Data Warehouse Cloud is a cloud-based data service that enables business users to create agilemodels from different sources and access data in real time. Business users can use the graphical user interface or the SQL editor to create data models, join data from various sources, and enrich data with business semantics. Business users can also use SAP Analytics Cloud to visualize and analyze data from SAP Data Warehouse Cloud. SAP Data Warehouse Cloud supports business users by providing self-service capabilities, pre-built business content, and flexible consumption options. References: 123

Separating master data from transactional data in SAP BW/4HANA has the following benefits:

• It allows different data load frequency for master data and transactional data, which can improve the performance and flexibility of data loading processes. Forexample, master data can be loaded daily or weekly, while transactional data can be loaded hourly or near real-time.
• It ensures referential integrity on your transactional data by using SID values that link the transactional data to the master data. This way, the transactional data can be consistent and accurate across different InfoProviders and queries.
• It provides language dependent master data texts that can be displayed in different languages according to the user’s preference. This way, the master data can be more user-friendly and understandable for different audiences.

•D. Flexible Enterprise Data Warehouse Core layer: This is the layer of the layered scalable architecture (LSA++) of SAP BW/4HANA that is designed as the main storage for harmonized consistent data. The Flexible Enterprise Data Warehouse Core layer contains the Corporate Memory and the Quality & Harmonization layers, which are used to store and harmonize data from different sources and systems. The data in this layer is modeled using DataStore objects (advanced) and InfoObjects, and can be accessed by different data marts for reporting and analysis purposes12.

References:

•1 https://help.sap.com/doc/saphelp_nw75/7.5.5/en-US/4a/124597ca771b41e10000000a421937/content.htm

•2 https://help.sap.com/doc/r/dd104a87ab9249968e6279e61378ff66/11.0.8/en-US/0062afefa6db41eaa9460afef1894beb.html

An architecture overview model is a high-level diagram that shows the main components and data flows of a solution. It helps to identify the required data sources and how they are connected to the target system. An architecture overview model can also show the main business processes and scenarios that are supported by the solution. An architecture overview model is useful for scoping, planning, designing, and communicating a solution.

The delta merge process is used to transfer data modifications from the delta storage to the main storage in SAP HANA database. It can be initiated in SAP BW/4HANA in the following ways:

•By using a specific process type in a process chain, called Trigger for DB Merge. This process type can be added to a process chain and linked to the loading processes that require a delta merge. The process type allows specifying the object type and name for the delta merge.

•By using the SAP BW/4HANA data load monitor, which is a web-based tool for monitoring and managing data loads. The data load monitor has an option to trigger a database merge for an object after a successful data load.

•A. Use fewer drill-down characteristics in the initial view: This can improve the query performance by reducing the amount of data that needs to be transferred and displayed at the start of the query execution. The user can drill down to more details later if needed1.

•D. Use mandatory characteristic value variables: This can improve the query performance by restricting the data selection to a smaller set of values that are relevant for the user. The user can also change the variable values later if needed1.

•E. Use include functions in the restricted key figures: This can improve the query performance by avoiding unnecessary calculations and aggregations that are done when using exclude functions. Include functions are also more efficient than selections or restricted key figures when filtering data1.

References:

•2 https://blogs.sap.com/2015/04/20/query-performance-optimisation-tips-in-bw-73/

•1 https://blogs.sap.com/2022/02/02/query-performance-optimization-in-bw-few-tips/

•3 https://help.sap.com/doc/00f68c2e08b941f081002fd3691d86a7/2022.12/en-us/0471d0ecea4e4677ba29d9ac1496c24c.html

•4 https://blogs.sap.com/2021/06/02/sap-bw-4hana-performance-optimization-part-i/