According to the Alibaba Cloud Academy, Alibaba Cloud Object Storage Service (OSS) is a massive, highly available, secured and cost effective storage service. OSS is superior than self-built storage in all these aspects. One of the advantages of OSS is its high availability, which means that the data stored in OSS can be accessed anytime and anywhere with minimal downtime or interruption. OSS achieves high availability by ensuring data reliability of not less than 99.99999999%. Data reliability is the probability that the data stored in OSS is not lost or corrupted. OSS ensures data reliability by automatically backing up data with multiple redundant copies across different devices and facilities. Therefore, the option B is the correct answer that relates to the high availability of OSS. References: What is OSS? - Alibaba Object Storage Service Course - Cloud Academy, [Object Storage Service(OSS): Store Data Safely In The Cloud - Alibaba Cloud Blog]

A large shopping mall deploys a new video surveillance system. The five-floor building in which the mall is located installed 35 HD cameras to monitor the major exits. The surveillance system is deployed on an ECS instance, which has four 2 TB data disks to store video data.

However, video data grows rapidly and the engineers find that the ECS will run out of storage space within 2 weeks.

In this case, OSS is thought to be the best solution for addressing the storage challenge while ensuring quick access to historical video data when needed. OSS is a cloud-based object storage service that provides massive, secure, low-cost, and highly reliable storage for unstructured data such as images, videos, and documents. OSS can store any amount of data and scale up or down on demand. OSS also supports direct video stream storage capabilities, removing the need for a video segmentation cluster. OSS can be accessed through RESTful APIs, SDKs, or web consoles, and can be integrated with other Alibaba Cloud services such as CDN, ECS, and SLB. OSS provides various storage classes for different data storage scenarios, from hot data storage to cold data storage. For video surveillance data, the Infrequent Access (IA) or Archive storage classes can be used to reduce the storage cost while maintaining high data durability and availability123. References: 1: Alibaba Cloud Multimedia Solutions | Video Monitoring & Surveillance1 2: Overview - Object Storage Service - Alibaba Cloud2 3: OSS Concepts - Alibaba Object Storage Service Course - Cloud Academy

Alibaba Cloud Auto Scaling service allows you to automatically adjust the number of ECS instances in a scaling group based on your business needs and scaling policies. You can set the minimum and maximum number of instances in a scaling group to limit the range of scaling actions1. When you create a scaling rule, you can specify the number of instances to be added or removed, or the expected number of instances after the scaling action2. You can also create a scheduled task to execute a scaling rule at a specified time or periodically3.

In this question, the customer sets the minimum number of instances to 6 and the maximum number of instances to 8 in the scaling group. This means that the scaling group will always have at least 6 instances and at most 8 instances. The customer also adds a scaling rule to remove 5 instances, and creates a scheduled task based on this rule. However, this scaling rule will not be executed if it violates the minimum and maximum limits of the scaling group. Therefore, when the scheduled task is activated once, the scaling group will only remove 2 instances, which is the difference between the current number of instances (8) and the minimum number of instances (6). The remaining number of instances in the scaling group will be 6, which is the correct answer. References: 1: Create a scaling group - Auto Scaling - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center2: Create a scaling rule - Auto Scaling - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center3: Create a scheduled task - Auto Scaling - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center.

 A, B, C, and D are the correct answers according to the ACA Cloud Computing by Alibaba Cloud Academy Reference Materials and documents. Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation: = A, B, C, and D are the correct answers because ECS is a highly flexible service that can be used independently as a simple web server, or used with other Alibaba Cloud products, such as OSS and CDN, to provide advanced solutions. ECS can be used in applications such as:

• Official corporate websites: ECS can host official corporate websites that require high performance, stability, reliability, and scalability. ECS can also support various web frameworks and languages, such as PHP, Java, Node.js, Python, and Ruby. ECS can also be integrated with other Alibaba Cloud products, such as SLB, CDN, and WAF, to improve the security, availability, and performance of the websites1
• Large-traffic apps: ECS can handle large-traffic apps that require high concurrency, low latency, and high throughput. ECS can also scale up or down based on the real-time traffic demands, and use Auto Scaling to automate the scaling process. ECS can also leverage the Alibaba Cloud network infrastructure, such as VPC, Express Connect, and Global Accelerator, to optimize the network connectivity and performance of the apps2
• Databases: ECS can run various database systems, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, and Redis, to provide data storage and processing capabilities for different applications. ECS can also use cloud disks or local disks as the storage media for the databases, and choose different disk types, such as SSD, ESSD, and Ultra Disk, based on the performance and cost requirements. ECS can also use RDS or PolarDB to replace the self-managed databases, and enjoy the benefits of managed database services, such as backup, recovery, monitoring, and maintenance3
• Simple web applications: ECS can run simple web applications that do not require complex architectures or high availability. ECS can provide fast memory and the latest CPUs to power the web applications and achieve faster results with low latency. ECS can also use OSS to store static files, such as images, videos, and documents, and reduce the storage cost and load of the ECS instances.

E is an incorrect answer because ECS is not a storage service that provides unlimited online storage. ECS is a compute service that provides virtual machines with limited storage capacity. ECS can use OSS or NAS to expand the storage capacity, but these are separate storage services that have their own pricing and billing methods.

References: 1: Build a Corporate Website 2: Build a Large-Traffic App 3: Build a Database System : [Build a Simple Web Application] : [ECS Overview]

Using a cloud computing service is simple and straightforward. One can choose the instance with desired specification, finish payment and then use it right away. Moreover, the underlying physical machines are managed by cloud service providers and transparent to users. This is the basic concept of cloud computing, which provides on-demand, scalable, and reliable computing resources and services over the internet12. References: 1: ACA Cloud Computing Exam Preparation Course - Alibaba Cloud3 2: What Is Alibaba Cloud Academy Certification?4

 Web Application Firewall (WAF) is a cloud-based security service that protects web applications from common web attacks, such as SQL injection, cross-site scripting, and HTTP flood. WAF can also filter out malicious requests and bots, and ensure that only legitimate traffic reaches the web servers. WAF can help online shops to avoid HTTP flood attacks and ensure only genuine customers joining the event.

References:

• Alibaba Cloud Web Application Firewall
• ACA Cloud Computing Certification Exam Preparation Course
• Alibaba Cloud Computing Exam Question 2022

After adding your website to the WAF protection list, you can enable HTTP Flood protection and select an appropriate protection mode for the website

 Server Load Balancer (SLB) can help protect from distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks by distributing network traffic across groups of backend servers to improve the service capability and application availability. SLB also supports built-in Anti-DDoS services to ensure business security. Anti-DDoS services can mitigate DDoS attacks at the Tbit/s level and provide multiple defense methods, such as blackhole filtering, traffic scrubbing, and access control1. In addition, you can integrate Application Load Balancer (ALB) with Web Application Firewall (WAF) in the console to ensure security at the application layer and prevent attacks such as SQL injection2. References: 1: Server Load Balancer(SLB) - Alibaba Cloud2: Associate an EIP protected by Anti-DDoS Pro/Premium with an ALB instance - Server Load Balancer - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center.

Alibaba Cloud Auto Scaling service allows you to automatically adjust the number of ECS instances in a scaling group based on your business needs and scaling policies. You can set the minimum and maximum number of instances in a scaling group to limit the range of scaling actions1. When you create a scaling rule, you can specify the number of instances to be added or removed, or the expected number of instances after the scaling action2. You can also create a scheduled task to execute a scaling rule at a specified time or periodically3.

In this question, the customer sets the minimum number of instances to 6 and the maximum number of instances to 8 in the scaling group. This means that the scaling group will always have at least 6 instances and at most 8 instances. The customer also adds a scaling rule to remove 5 instances, and creates a scheduled task based on this rule. However, this scaling rule will not be executed if it violates the minimum and maximum limits of the scaling group. Therefore, when the scheduled task is activated once, the scaling group will only remove 2 instances, which is the difference between the current number of instances (8) and the minimum number of instances (6). The remaining number of instances in the scaling group will be 6, which is the correct answer. References: 1: Create a scaling group - Auto Scaling - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center2: Create a scaling rule - Auto Scaling - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center3: Create a scheduled task - Auto Scaling - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center.

Section: (none)

Explanation

A snapshot is a copy of data on a disk at a certain point in time. It is used to back up and restore data, or create custom images. Snapshots can capture the data of system disks, data disks, and shared block storage devices1.

References: 1: Alibaba Cloud Academy, “Snapshot”, https://edu.alibabacloud.com/elearning/lesson/ACA-Cloud-Computing-Certification/lesson-3-snapshot

Auto Scaling is a management service that can automatically adjust elastic computing resources based on your business needs and policies. It can help you cope with traffic spikes, reduce costs, and improve service availability1. Auto Scaling supports adding an existing ECS instance into the scaling group, which is a collection of ECS instances that share the same scaling configuration and scaling rules2. However, the existing ECS instance must meet certain requirements, one of which is that the instance and the scaling group must be in the same region3. A region is a physical location where Alibaba Cloud deploys its data centers. Each region consists of multiple isolated zones that have independent power grids and networks4. Therefore, the instance and the scaling group do not have to be in the same zone, as long as they are in the same region.

References: 1: Alibaba Cloud Academy, “Auto Scaling”, https://edu.alibabacloud.com/elearning/lesson/ACA-Cloud-Computing-Certification/lesson-6-auto-scaling  2: Alibaba Cloud, “Scaling group”, https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/doc-detail/25948.htm  3: Alibaba Cloud, “Add an existing ECS instance to a scaling group”, https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/doc-detail/25949.htm  4: Alibaba Cloud, “Regions and zones”, https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/doc-detail/40654.htm

You can upgrade or downgrade an ECS instance’s configuration to meet your business needs. Upgrading an instance’s configuration means increasing the vCPUs, memory, bandwidth, or disk capacity of the instance. Downgrading an instance’s configuration means decreasing the vCPUs, memory, bandwidth, or disk capacity of the instance. You can change the configuration of an ECS instance by using one of the following methods1:

• Change the instance type: You can change the instance type of an ECS instance to adjust the vCPUs and memory of the instance. You can change the instance type of an ECS instance in the following scenarios2:
• Change the bandwidth configuration: You can change the bandwidth configuration of an ECS instance to adjust the network performance of the instance. You can change the bandwidth configuration of an ECS instance in the following scenarios3:
• Change the system disk or data disk: You can change the system disk or data disk of an ECS instance to adjust the disk capacity or performance of the instance. You can change the system disk or data disk of an ECS instance in the following scenarios4:

Object Storage Service (OSS) is a cloud storage service that provides secure, cost-effective, and scalable storage for various data types, such as images, videos, and documents. OSS can store large amounts of data and support concurrent access from multiple users. OSS can also integrate with other Alibaba Cloud services, such as Media Transcoding Service (MTS), Server Load Balancer (SLB), and Elastic Compute Service (ECS). By using OSS, the portal can offload the storage and delivery of the image content from the ECS instance, which can improve the performance and availability of the application.

Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed network that delivers content to users based on their geographic locations, the origin servers, and the content delivery policies. CDN can accelerate the delivery of static and dynamic content, such as images, videos, and web pages, by caching the content at edge nodes that are closer to the users. CDN can also reduce the network latency and bandwidth consumption, as well as enhance the security and reliability of the content delivery. By using CDN, the portal can speed up the loading of images and improve the user experience.

Therefore, the combination of OSS and CDN can help resolve the storage and performance issue of the portal at the same time. The other combinations are not as effective or suitable for the portal’s scenario. OSS + MTS combination can help with the storage and transcoding of media files, but not with the delivery of images. OSS + RDS combination can help with the storage and management of relational databases, but not with the loading of images. OSS + ECS combination can help with the storage and computing of data, but not with the acceleration of content delivery.

References:

• Alibaba Cloud Object Storage Service
• Alibaba Cloud Content Delivery Network
• ACA Cloud Computing Certification Exam Preparation Course

 = A is the correct answer because the memory size of an ECS instance is determined by the instance type, and it cannot be changed independently. If you want to change the memory size of an ECS instance, you must change the instance type to another one that has a different memory size12

B, C, and D are incorrect answers because the system disk size, data disk size, and number of data disks of an ECS instance can be changed without changing the instance type. You can use the ECS console or API to resize the system disk or data disks of an ECS instance, or add or remove data disks from an ECS instance3456

References: 1: Overview of instance families 2: Change the instance type 3: Resize disks 4: Resize a disk 5: Attach or detach data disks 6: Attach or detach a data disk

An ICP license is a permit issued by the Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) that allows websites to operate in China. An ICP license is required for any website that is hosted on a mainland China server, or that wants to use a China-based CDN service to accelerate its access in China. Therefore, you would need to apply an ICP license in the following cases:

• Accelerate your Overseas Website in China: If you have a website that is hosted outside of China, but you want to use Alibaba Cloud’s CDN service to improve its performance and user experience in China, you would need to apply an ICP license for your domain name. This is because Alibaba Cloud’s CDN nodes are located in mainland China, and any website that uses them must comply with the Chinese regulations.
• Launch your website in China: If you want to host your website on an Alibaba Cloud ECS instance or OSS bucket that is located in mainland China, you would need to apply an ICP license for your domain name. This is because any website that is hosted on a mainland China server must have an ICP license to be accessible and legal in China.
• Launch your online shop in China: If you want to run an e-commerce website that sells goods or services to customers in China, you would need to apply an ICP license for your domain name. This is because any website that engages in commercial activities in China must have an ICP license to operate legally and securely in China.

References: What is an ICP License? - Alibaba Cloud Academy, ICP License Application - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center

Alibaba Cloud OSS service provides different methods for file uploading, such as simple upload, multipart upload, append upload, and resumable upload1. However, not all of these methods support resuming from break point, which is a feature that allows you to resume an interrupted upload from where it left off. The only method that supports resuming from break point is resumable upload, which is based on multipart upload and uses a checkpoint file to record the upload progress2. The other methods do not support resuming from break point, and will either overwrite or append to the existing object if the upload is interrupted and retried.

References: 1: Alibaba Cloud Academy, “OSS Upload Methods”, https://edu.alibabacloud.com/elearning/lesson/ACA-Cloud-Computing-Certification/lesson-2-oss-upload-methods  2: Alibaba Cloud, “Resumable upload”, https://www.alibabacloud.com/help/doc-detail/31991.htm

ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL is a cloud-based relational database service that provides secure, cost-effective, and scalable database solutions for various applications. RDS for MySQL supports creating read-only instances that are synchronized with the primary instance in real time. Read-only instances can handle read requests from applications and reduce the read pressure on the primary instance. This can improve the performance and availability of the database system. Read-only instances can also be used for scenarios such as report analysis, data backup, and disaster recovery.

References:

• Overview of read-only ApsaraDB RDS for MySQL instances
• ACA Cloud Computing Certification Exam Preparation Course
• Alibaba Cloud Computing Exam Question 2022

 According to the Alibaba Cloud Academy, Alibaba Cloud provides powerful security services that are the same level of security services used to support Alibaba Group’s Double 11 Shopping Festival. However, you do not have to pay first before using any of the security services. Alibaba Cloud offers some security services for free, such as Anti-DDoS Basic, Server Guard, and Security Center Basic Edition. Other security services, such as Anti-DDoS Pro, WAF, and Security Center Enterprise Edition, are charged based on different billing methods, such as subscription, pay-as-you-go, or traffic-based. Therefore, the statement is false. References: Alibaba Cloud Security Services - Alibaba Cloud Security Course - Cloud Academy, Alibaba Cloud Security Pricing - Alibaba Cloud

 Cloud disks are reliable because they use a distributed file management system with 3 redundant copies to provide block-level data storage for ECS instances, ensuring 99.9999999% data reliability. This means that the data stored on cloud disks is automatically replicated across three different physical servers in the same zone. If one server fails, the data can still be accessed from the other two servers. Cloud disks also support snapshot backup and recovery, which can help users restore data to a previous point in time in case of accidental deletion or corruption. References: Elastic Compute Service (ECS) - Alibaba Cloud Academy, Cloud Disk - Alibaba Cloud Documentation Center

An ECS disk can be used jointly or separately to meet the requirements of different application scenarios. ECS disks are categorized into ephemeral SSD disks and cloud disks. Compared with ephemeral SSD disks, cloud disks are more reliable as they use a triplicate distributed system to provide block-level data storage for ECS instances, ensuring 99.9999999% data reliability.