010-160 Dumps With Exact Questions and Answers

DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a protocol that provides quick, automatic, and central management for the distribution of IP addresses within a network. It also configures other network information, such as the subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server information, on the device1. DHCP uses a client/server architecture, where a DHCP server issues unique IP addresses and automatically configures the devices that request them2. DHCP allows devices to move freely from one network to another and receive an IP address automatically, which is helpful with mobile devices1.

The other options are not protocols used for automatic IP address configuration. NFS stands for Network File System, which is a protocol that allows a user to access and modify files over a network as if they were on their own computer. LDAP stands for Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, which is a protocol that provides access to a centralized directory service that stores information about users, groups, computers, and other resources on a network. SMTP stands for Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, which is a protocol that enables the sending and receiving of email messages over a network. DNS stands for Domain Name System, which is a protocol that translates domain names into IP addresses and vice versa. References:

• Linux Essentials Exam Objectives, Version 1.6, Topic 105.1, Weight 4
• What Is DHCP? (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - Lifewire
• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) | Microsoft Learn
• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Wikipedia
• How does AutoIP work? - Barix
• [Network File System - Wikipedia]
• [Lightweight Directory Access Protocol - Wikipedia]
• [Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - Wikipedia]
• [Domain Name System - Wikipedia]

The chmod command is used to change the permissions of files and directories. The permissions are represented by three sets of three characters, indicating the permissions for the owner, the group, and the others. Each character can be either r (read), w (write), x (execute), or - (no permission). The chmod command can use either symbolic or numeric mode to specify the permissions. In this question, the numeric mode is used, which consists of three digits from 0 to 7. Each digit is the sum of the permissions for each set, where r is 4, w is 2, and x is 1. For example, 7 means rwx, 6 means rw-, and 4 means r–. Therefore, the command chmod 654 file.txt sets the permissions as follows:

• The first digit 6 means rw- for the owner, which means the owner can read and write the file, but not execute it.
• The second digit 5 means r-x for the group, which means the group can read and execute the file, but not write it.
• The third digit 4 means r-- for the others, which means the others can only read the file, but not write or execute it.

The resulting permissions are -rw-r-xr–, which is the correct answer. The other options are incorrect because they either have the wrong permissions or the wrong file type. A regular file does not have the d (directory) prefix, and a directory cannot have the - (no file type) prefix. References:

• Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Objectives: 4.1. Ownership and Permissions1
• Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Exam Study Resources: Linux Essentials Manual - Chapter 8. Security and File Permissions - 8.1. Ownership and Permissions - 8.1.1. The chmod Command2
• Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Exam Study Resources: Linux Essentials Manual - Appendix A. Answers to the Exercises - Chapter 8. Security and File Permissions - 8.1. Ownership and Permissions - Exercise 8.1.12

The ls command is used to list the files and directories in a given path. By default, the ls command displays only the file names, without any additional information. However, the ls command can also take various options to modify its output. For example, the -l option tells ls to display the long format, which includes the file permissions, owner, group, size, date, and name. The -h option tells ls to display the file sizes in a human-readable format, such as KB, MB, GB, etc. The -a option tells ls to display all files, including thehidden ones that start with a dot (.). The -n option tells ls to display the numeric user ID and group ID instead of the user name and group name. Therefore, the only option that does not add any additional information to the file names is the -a option. The command ls -a will display all the file names in the current directory, including the hidden ones, but nothing else. References:

• Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI), section 2.1.1
• 2.1 Lesson 1 - Linux Professional Institute Certification Programs, slide 6.